北京市保健干部人群口腔疾病就醫觀念行為調查

劉春秀+王宏宇+劉俠+肖英+邊翔++史雅琦

[摘要] 目的 調查北京市保健干部人群口腔就醫觀念和行為。 方法 選取2015年1～5月于北京小湯山醫院體檢的局級保健干部作為研究對象，進行問卷調查，采用SPSS 19.0統計學軟件對數據進行分析。 結果 合計461名被調查者，男211名，女250名。研究對象中，近1年口腔就診者共314人，其中男133人，就診率為63.03%；女181人，就診率為72.40%，男女口腔就診率比較差異有統計學意義（χ2=4.622，P < 0.05），女性的就診率高于男性。1年內到口腔科就診的原因排第1位的是“有口腔問題去檢查”（28.66%），“接受預防性措施”（1.91%）排在最后。到口腔科就診選擇的醫療機構以大醫院為主（39.81%），選擇基層醫療機構的比例很小（0.96%）。每年體檢查出的口腔疾病沒有及時就診的原因很多，居前3位的分別是“嫌口腔治療麻煩”（67.65%）、“掛號太難”（36.27%）、“沒有時間”（33.33%）。 結論 北京市保健干部人群口腔就醫意識不強，其中，男性對待口腔疾病的就醫意識要弱于女性。開展有針對性的口腔健康教育，定期進行口腔健康檢查，加強基層醫療機構的建設，是提高該人群口腔就診率的重要舉措。

[關鍵詞] 口腔疾病；就醫觀念；行為；調查

[中圖分類號] R780.1 [文獻標識碼] A [文章編號] 1673-7210（2017）10（b）-0045-04

Investigation of oral treatment concepts and behavior in health cadres population in Beijing

LIU Chunxiu1 WANG Hongyu2 LIU Xia1 XIAO Ying1 BIAN Xiang1 SHI Yaqi2

1.Department of Stomatology， Beijing Xiaotangshan Hospital， Beijing 102211， China； 2.Information Center， Beijing Xiaotangshan Hospital， Beijing 102211， China

[Abstract] Objective To investigate the oral medical treatment concepts and behaviors in healthcare cadre group in Beijing. Methods The healthcare cadres were recruited， who had participated in questionnaire survey in Beijing Xiaotangshan Hospital from January to May 2015. The analysis of survey data was performed by using SPSS 19.0. Results The totally sample capacity was 461 cases， including 211 males and 250 females. Among them， a total of 314 patients with 133 males and 181 females were treated with oral therapy in the past year， and the consultation rate of male and female was 63.03% and 72.40% respectively. The consultation rate of female was higher than that of male， and the difference was statistically significant （χ2=4.622， P < 0.05）. "Checking oral problems" （28.66%） and "taking preventive measures" （1.91%） were the primary and least reasons for patients to visit the dentist. General hospitals were chosen by most of patients （39.81%）， but primary hospitals were only selected by very few of them （0.96%）. "Oral treatmentis too trouble" （67.65%）， "hospital registration is too difficult" （36.27%）， and "patients have no time" （33.33%） were the top three reasons why patients were not treated in time. Conclusion The oral treatment concept of healthcare cadre group in Beijing is insufficient. Besides， the concept of males is weaker than that of females. Carrying out targeted oral health education， regular oral health examination， and strengthening the construction of primary medical institutions are important measures to improve the oral consultation rate of this group.endprint

[Key words] Oral diseases； Medical treatment concepts； Behavior； Investigation

口腔健康與全身健康密切相關。口腔健康是社會文明進步的標志之一，它可以大大提高人們的生活質量和身心健康[1]。隨著社會的進步，人們的口腔保健知識已經有了較大提高，但也不是每個人都能將其健康知識轉化為相應的口腔保健行為和就醫行為。北京小湯山醫院（以下簡稱“我院”）作為北京市局級干部健康體檢定點單位，多年來一直承擔著局級保健干部的健康體檢任務。北京市保健干部人群的口腔健康狀況，根據往年的體檢資料來看，不容樂觀，該人群以中老年人占大多數，隨著人口老齡化，口腔問題也越來越多，口腔常見疾病，如齲病和牙周病的發病率均較高[2]。另外，縱觀幾年的體檢資料可以看出，某些干部對其查出的口腔疾患沒有到醫院進行及時治療，最終導致口腔疾病繼續存在和發展，其中不能及時就診的原因很多，說明他們的口腔保健觀念亟待提升，口腔保健知識需要進一步普及。……