摘 要 教育實(shí)習(xí)是高職院校學(xué)前教育專業(yè)提升教育質(zhì)量、培養(yǎng)師范生實(shí)踐能力的關(guān)鍵環(huán)節(jié)。當(dāng)前師范生在實(shí)習(xí)過程中面臨著實(shí)習(xí)認(rèn)知、實(shí)習(xí)內(nèi)容和實(shí)習(xí)指導(dǎo)三個方面的困境。文章基于人類發(fā)展生態(tài)學(xué)理論視角,從師范生、高職院校和實(shí)習(xí)園所三個層面分析高職院校學(xué)前教育師范生教育實(shí)習(xí)困境產(chǎn)生的原因,并提出應(yīng)對策略,包括:師范生主動投入、及時反思,高職院校跟蹤管理、深化合作,實(shí)習(xí)園所保障實(shí)施、全程指導(dǎo)。
關(guān)鍵詞 學(xué)前教育;師范生;教育實(shí)習(xí)
中圖分類號:G717 " " " " " " " " " " " " " " 文獻(xiàn)標(biāo)識碼:A " " DOI:10.16400/j.cnki.kjdk.2024.29.044
Difficulties and Coping Strategies of Educational Internships for"Preschool Education Normal Students in Vocational Colleges
CHEN Dongji
(Yancheng Kindergarten Teachers College, Yancheng, Jiangsu 224005)
Abstract Education internship is a key link in improving the quality of preschool education and cultivating the practical abilities of teacher trainees in vocational colleges. Current teacher trainees face difficulties in three aspects during the internship process: internship cognition, internship content, and internship guidance. Based on the perspective of human development ecology theory, this article analyzes the reasons for the difficulties faced by preschool education teacher trainees in vocational colleges from three levels: teacher trainees, vocational colleges, and internship centers. Corresponding strategies are proposed, including: teacher trainees actively participate and reflect in a timely manner, vocational colleges track and manage, deepen cooperation, internship centers guarantee implementation, and provide full guidance throughout the process.
Keywords preschool education; normal students; educational practice
1" 問題提出
2021年,教育部等九部門于印發(fā)《“十四五”學(xué)前教育發(fā)展提升行動計劃》,提出要“提高幼兒園師資培養(yǎng)培訓(xùn)質(zhì)量“深化學(xué)前教育專業(yè)改革,完善培養(yǎng)方案,強(qiáng)化學(xué)前兒童發(fā)展和教育專業(yè)基礎(chǔ),注重培養(yǎng)學(xué)生觀察了解兒童、支持兒童發(fā)展的實(shí)踐能力”[1]。文件不僅為學(xué)前教育師資培養(yǎng)方向提供了指導(dǎo)思想,還為高職院校的高質(zhì)量教育實(shí)踐工作提供了政策支持。教育部《關(guān)于加強(qiáng)師范生教育實(shí)踐的意見》提出“構(gòu)建全方位的教育實(shí)踐內(nèi)容體系”“豐富師范生的教育實(shí)踐體驗,提升教育實(shí)踐效果”[2],這對于學(xué)前教育專業(yè)的實(shí)習(xí)實(shí)踐工作具有重要指導(dǎo)意義。
高職院校學(xué)前教育師范生的實(shí)習(xí)工作是教育實(shí)踐的重要環(huán)節(jié)。當(dāng)前高職院校師范生在專業(yè)理論與實(shí)踐之間的脫節(jié)問題日益凸顯。盡管其在校期間接受了系統(tǒng)的學(xué)前教育理論知識教育,但在實(shí)際教育實(shí)習(xí)過程中他們往往發(fā)現(xiàn)理論知識難以直接應(yīng)用于具體的教學(xué)場景中,實(shí)習(xí)過程中也面臨著種種困境。……