摘 要 教育實習是高職院校學前教育專業提升教育質量、培養師范生實踐能力的關鍵環節。當前師范生在實習過程中面臨著實習認知、實習內容和實習指導三個方面的困境。文章基于人類發展生態學理論視角,從師范生、高職院校和實習園所三個層面分析高職院校學前教育師范生教育實習困境產生的原因,并提出應對策略,包括:師范生主動投入、及時反思,高職院校跟蹤管理、深化合作,實習園所保障實施、全程指導。
關鍵詞 學前教育;師范生;教育實習
中圖分類號:G717 " " " " " " " " " " " " " " 文獻標識碼:A " " DOI:10.16400/j.cnki.kjdk.2024.29.044
Difficulties and Coping Strategies of Educational Internships for"Preschool Education Normal Students in Vocational Colleges
CHEN Dongji
(Yancheng Kindergarten Teachers College, Yancheng, Jiangsu 224005)
Abstract Education internship is a key link in improving the quality of preschool education and cultivating the practical abilities of teacher trainees in vocational colleges. Current teacher trainees face difficulties in three aspects during the internship process: internship cognition, internship content, and internship guidance. Based on the perspective of human development ecology theory, this article analyzes the reasons for the difficulties faced by preschool education teacher trainees in vocational colleges from three levels: teacher trainees, vocational colleges, and internship centers. Corresponding strategies are proposed, including: teacher trainees actively participate and reflect in a timely manner, vocational colleges track and manage, deepen cooperation, internship centers guarantee implementation, and provide full guidance throughout the process.
Keywords preschool education; normal students; educational practice
1" 問題提出
2021年,教育部等九部門于印發《“十四五”學前教育發展提升行動計劃》,提出要“提高幼兒園師資培養培訓質量“深化學前教育專業改革,完善培養方案,強化學前兒童發展和教育專業基礎,注重培養學生觀察了解兒童、支持兒童發展的實踐能力”[1]。文件不僅為學前教育師資培養方向提供了指導思想,還為高職院校的高質量教育實踐工作提供了政策支持。教育部《關于加強師范生教育實踐的意見》提出“構建全方位的教育實踐內容體系”“豐富師范生的教育實踐體驗,提升教育實踐效果”[2],這對于學前教育專業的實習實踐工作具有重要指導意義。
高職院校學前教育師范生的實習工作是教育實踐的重要環節。當前高職院校師范生在專業理論與實踐之間的脫節問題日益凸顯。盡管其在校期間接受了系統的學前教育理論知識教育,但在實際教育實習過程中他們往往發現理論知識難以直接應用于具體的教學場景中,實習過程中也面臨著種種困境?!?br>