個(gè)舊市家院互融養(yǎng)老服務(wù)模式研究

張錫云

摘 要：隨著云南省個(gè)舊市人口老齡化程度不斷加深，單一家庭養(yǎng)老服務(wù)模式或是機(jī)構(gòu)養(yǎng)老服務(wù)模式已經(jīng)無(wú)法適應(yīng)老年人對(duì)幸福晚年生活的追求。文章以個(gè)舊市為例，全面深入調(diào)研，重點(diǎn)圍繞養(yǎng)老機(jī)構(gòu)以社區(qū)為平臺(tái)、向居家老年人提供養(yǎng)老服務(wù)——即家庭+社區(qū)+機(jī)構(gòu)的模式，對(duì)其組織架構(gòu)及運(yùn)行體制機(jī)制、相關(guān)政策保障體系、服務(wù)成效等問(wèn)題進(jìn)行全方位、多角度的研究，提出促進(jìn)家院互融養(yǎng)老服務(wù)模式發(fā)展的對(duì)策建議。

關(guān)鍵詞：家院互融；模式；問(wèn)題；對(duì)策建議

Research on the Home-Institutional Integrated Elderly Care Service Modelin Gejiu City

Zhang Xiyun

（Communist Party School of Gejiu City，Gejiu，Yunnan 661000）

Abstract：With the increasing aging of the population in Gejiu City，Yunnan Province，the single-family elderly care service model or institutional elderly care service model can no longer meet the needs of the elderly for a happy and fulfilling life.Taking Gejiu City as an example，this paper conducts a comprehensive and in-depth investigation，focusing on the model of providing elderly care services to home-based elderly people through community-based platforms and institutions，namely the model of “home + community + institution”.It examines the organizational structure，operating system and mechanism，related policy guarantee system，and service effectiveness of the model from multiple perspectives and proposes countermeasures to promote the development of the home-institutional integrated elderly care service model.

Key words：home-institutional integration；model；issues；countermeasures

據(jù)聯(lián)合國(guó)人口基金會(huì)以及中國(guó)老齡委等預(yù)測(cè)，到2025年前后、中國(guó)60歲及以上老年人口占總?cè)丝诘谋戎貙⒊^(guò)20%，65歲及以上老年人口占總?cè)丝诘谋壤龑⑦_(dá)到14%左右，中國(guó)將進(jìn)入老齡社會(huì)。總體上看，我國(guó)人口紅利正在遞減，人口老齡化與社會(huì)養(yǎng)老功能滯后的矛盾日益凸顯，面對(duì)巨大的養(yǎng)老工作壓力，如何解決當(dāng)前老年人老有所養(yǎng)問(wèn)題，已成為政府、社會(huì)和家庭關(guān)注的焦點(diǎn)。黨的十九屆五中全會(huì)對(duì)養(yǎng)老問(wèn)題予以了高度關(guān)注，提出實(shí)施積極應(yīng)對(duì)人口老齡化國(guó)家戰(zhàn)略，明確強(qiáng)調(diào)：“推動(dòng)養(yǎng)老事業(yè)和養(yǎng)老產(chǎn)業(yè)協(xié)同發(fā)展，健全基本養(yǎng)老服務(wù)體系，發(fā)展普惠型養(yǎng)老服務(wù)和互助性養(yǎng)老，支持家庭承擔(dān)養(yǎng)老功能，培育養(yǎng)老新業(yè)態(tài)，構(gòu)建居家社區(qū)機(jī)構(gòu)相協(xié)調(diào)、醫(yī)養(yǎng)康養(yǎng)相結(jié)合的養(yǎng)老服務(wù)體系，健全養(yǎng)老服務(wù)綜合監(jiān)管制度。”我們可以看出：無(wú)論如何變化，在老年人養(yǎng)老服務(wù)體系中，居家養(yǎng)老都將長(zhǎng)期發(fā)揮著關(guān)鍵性作用，因此要強(qiáng)化對(duì)居家養(yǎng)老特殊重要性的認(rèn)識(shí)，把它放在養(yǎng)老服務(wù)體系重中之重來(lái)推進(jìn)。……