張錫云

摘 要:隨著云南省個舊市人口老齡化程度不斷加深,單一家庭養老服務模式或是機構養老服務模式已經無法適應老年人對幸福晚年生活的追求。文章以個舊市為例,全面深入調研,重點圍繞養老機構以社區為平臺、向居家老年人提供養老服務——即家庭+社區+機構的模式,對其組織架構及運行體制機制、相關政策保障體系、服務成效等問題進行全方位、多角度的研究,提出促進家院互融養老服務模式發展的對策建議。
關鍵詞:家院互融;模式;問題;對策建議
Research on the Home-Institutional Integrated Elderly Care Service Modelin Gejiu City
Zhang Xiyun
(Communist Party School of Gejiu City,Gejiu,Yunnan 661000)
Abstract:With the increasing aging of the population in Gejiu City,Yunnan Province,the single-family elderly care service model or institutional elderly care service model can no longer meet the needs of the elderly for a happy and fulfilling life.Taking Gejiu City as an example,this paper conducts a comprehensive and in-depth investigation,focusing on the model of providing elderly care services to home-based elderly people through community-based platforms and institutions,namely the model of “home + community + institution”.It examines the organizational structure,operating system and mechanism,related policy guarantee system,and service effectiveness of the model from multiple perspectives and proposes countermeasures to promote the development of the home-institutional integrated elderly care service model.
Key words:home-institutional integration;model;issues;countermeasures
據聯合國人口基金會以及中國老齡委等預測,到2025年前后、中國60歲及以上老年人口占總人口的比重將超過20%,65歲及以上老年人口占總人口的比例將達到14%左右,中國將進入老齡社會。總體上看,我國人口紅利正在遞減,人口老齡化與社會養老功能滯后的矛盾日益凸顯,面對巨大的養老工作壓力,如何解決當前老年人老有所養問題,已成為政府、社會和家庭關注的焦點。黨的十九屆五中全會對養老問題予以了高度關注,提出實施積極應對人口老齡化國家戰略,明確強調:“推動養老事業和養老產業協同發展,健全基本養老服務體系,發展普惠型養老服務和互助性養老,支持家庭承擔養老功能,培育養老新業態,構建居家社區機構相協調、醫養康養相結合的養老服務體系,健全養老服務綜合監管制度。”我們可以看出:無論如何變化,在老年人養老服務體系中,居家養老都將長期發揮著關鍵性作用,因此要強化對居家養老特殊重要性的認識,把它放在養老服務體系重中之重來推進。……