【摘要】本文以一節閱讀課為例,闡述了在閱讀教學中提升學生核心素養的策略,提升學生綜合運用能力,讓核心素養的理念在實踐中落地生根。
【關鍵詞】閱讀教學;核心素養;思維品質
【作者簡介】鄧媛媛,南京市將軍山中學。
《普通高中英語課程標準(2017年版)》指出,英語學科核心素養由語言能力、文化意識、思維品質和學習能力四個要素構成。英語閱讀教學以文本為載體,在理解和表達語言的活動中,融入語言知識和技能,同時也注重培養學生的思維以及文化品格的塑造。而當前的英語課堂,教師們對如何滲透以及適切f 滲透英語核心素養還存有很多的疑惑,對于文化品格的培養尤其重視不足。本節課讀前熱身為深閱讀做好鋪墊,做好話題和詞匯上的準備;讀中分速度、細讀、深讀,注重帶入情景,與作者對話;讀后主要是引導學生思考,并通過口頭交流的形式訓練學生的思維能力,提升學生的文化意識。下面就以譯林版初中英語七年級下冊Unit 3 Reading課文《歡迎來到陽光鎮》為例,記錄筆者在閱讀課中的一點嘗試。
一、閑談復習,形成閱讀期待
通過談論復習上節課學習交流學生的興趣愛好,讓學生猜測陽光中學的學生會帶他們去什么地方游玩,從而形成閱讀期待。
T:The exchange students are coming to the Sunshine Town. Can you tell me? what they want to do there?
S1: They would like to go shopping.
S2: They want to eat nice food.
T: Where will the students take them to?
S1: They will take them to the restaurants.
二、獲取信息,培育核心素養
1. 快速閱讀,把握文章框架。
T: Read the script and answer the questions. Where is Sunshine Town?
S1: It is not far from the center of Beijing.
T: What can students do there?
S: They can stay in a quiet town, do some shopping, enjoy Chinese food and Beijing opera.
T: Excellent! It's wonderful for them to do these things in Sunshine town.
2.定位細節,聚焦思維文化。
T: Good job! What's Sunshine Town like? Read paragraph 2 and fill in the blanks.
S: The air is fresh. There are many trees, lakes and green hills. There is a beautiful park in the town center too.
T: What do local people like doing in the morning?
S: Local people like jogging in the park.
T: Do you know why the air is fresh there?
S1: Because there are many trees, and green hills. The environment is great. Local people often go jogging there.
T: What will they buy for their friends and family? You can talk with your partners.
S:They will buy some silk.
S2: They will buy some china. Because China is famous for its china.
T: Great! They can also buy QiPao and Chinese paintings. Also, watching Beijing opera is a good way to relax. Let's read para 5 and fill in the blanks.
S: You can enjoy Beijing opera in the local theatre.
If you want to learn more about Chinese art, don't miss the opera shows.
T: Let's sing with the video.
T:China is famous for Beijing opera. In Chinese culture, white face stands for Cao Cao. Black face stands for Zhang Fei.
3.再次閱讀,操練閱讀材料。
T: Neil is calling his mum in the UK. Help them complete the blanks
三、意義輸出,提升綜合能力
1. 口頭交流,內化文本信息。
T: Today we have known lots of fantastic things in Sunshine Town. If you can go to Sunshine Town, what do you want to do there? Why?
S1: I will go shopping. Because I can have many choices and most of them are cheap.
S2: I prefer famous Chinese food like Beijing Duck, which is very delicious.
T: Let's summarize: How can we introduce a place?
S1: We can write about where the place is.
S2: We can talk about the interesting activities.
2. 聯系實際,體驗語言運用。
T: Now work in groups and choose four places in Nanjing to introduce.
S: There are lots of things to do in Nanjing.
S1: Would you like to visit Xuanwu lake? The air is fresh. We can see many green trees and flowers. It's a good place to go jogging.
S2: Would you like to visit Nanjing Museum? We can enjoy many old things like china, watches and so on so that we can learn more about China's history.
S3: Would you like to enjoy operas? If you are interested in acting, don't miss the opera shows there. The actors are good at acting. They are the mirrors of Chinese cultures.
S4: Would you like to eat nice food? You can go to Xinjie Kou where you can? enjoy some local snacks like salted ducks.
S: Welcome to Nanjing. We are looking forward to meeting you soon.
T: Wonderful!
四、意義建構,提升學術水平
本節教學設計實現了三個方面的突破:
1. 語言和思維結伴同行。語言是思維的工具和物質外殼。在讀前,通過預測提升學生的邏輯推理能力。在讀中,教師通過設置一系列不同層次的問題以激活學生的思維,搭建思維的平臺。例如設置獲取文章的大意和框架結構的活動,重在培養學生的分析、歸納能力。在分部分細讀時,教師有意識地引導學生進一步思考,從文章的表層走向深層,培養了學生的批判思維和創新思維。在讀后,教師創設情境讓學生運用所學表達自己的想法和觀點,加強語言的運用和思維的延伸。此時對學生的關注從理解轉向運用,從文本遷移到自我的發展中。教師更多關注的是學生的心理感受。
2. 文本與文化水乳交融。文化一直是英語教學中容易忽視的板塊。充分學習中外文化知識,在實際生活中充分運用,有助于提升學生的國際視野。根據本文的內容,筆者特意設置了介紹中國傳統美食,給留學生朋友選擇中國禮物,和學唱京戲等活動,讓學生在充分對比中西方文化差異的同時,更增強對本民族優秀文化的認同感,并有意識借助英文的載體將中國優秀文化傳播出去。學生在主動的分析實踐中,把靜態的文化知識轉化為一種行動、判斷與修養。在平時的教學中,教師應關注文本的文化價值和文化內涵,搭建支架,在文本中塑造學生文化品格。
3. 活動與情境相輔相成。創設符合學生認知的活動是培養學生聽、說、讀、看等能力的有效途徑。筆者在這節課中借助圖片、音頻、視頻等手段創設情景,組織不同的活動,讓學生形成真實的體驗,由此激發學生的學習熱情,提升學生的語言技能和思維品質。學生在體驗中感受中華美食文化,在京戲欣賞中領略中華文化的博大精深。當然教師也要充分考慮學生的主體地位,關注學生的認知水平,在今后的教學中設置豐富多彩的課堂活動,可以幫助學生更好地提升綜合能力,培養其核心素養,實現英語學習的交際性。
參考文獻:
[1]教育部.普通高中英語課程標準(2017年版)[S].北京:人民教育出版社,2018.
[2]喻侯林.基于語篇內容滲透文化意識培養的策略[J].中小學外語教學(中學篇),2019(2):52-56.
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