大學生足球賽球員跑動特征分析及評價標準構建

楊濤 劉鈺姍 陳梟 武力

摘 要：為探究我國大學生校園足球比賽跑動特征，運用“簡極科技INSAIT M1”智能足球運動表現分析系統采集了2018—2019年度大學生校園足球聯賽校園組全國總決賽的20場比賽跑動數據。采用方差分析等方法對球員跑動指標進行分析，并建立大學生球員跑動能力評價標準。結果顯示：1）我國大學生足球比賽跑動能力與高水平比賽差距較大，與全國中學生比賽跑動相比，高強度跑動距離較少，中強度跑距離比高中生高。大學生比賽跑動距離和特征與中國女足跑動特征相似。跑動指標的時段性特征與高水平比賽相似。2）不同位置球員的跑動表現上體現了大學生比賽的位置特征，邊前衛在跑動強度上顯著高于中前衛，邊后衛在跑動強度上要顯著高于中后衛。邊前衛與邊后衛、中前衛與中后衛相比，僅在跑動距離上中場球員顯著高于后場球員。邊前衛與中后衛、中前衛與邊后衛相比具有較大差異。不同位置在最大速度上沒有顯著性差異，其排名為：邊后衛>前鋒>邊前衛>中后衛>中前衛。3）根據我國大學生足球比賽不同位置跑動特征，運用離差分析法建立了不同位置的評價標準。

關鍵詞：大學生;足球賽;跑動特征;評價標準

中圖分類號：G843? 文獻標識碼：A? 文章編號：1009-9840（2020）04-0064-06

Running characteristics of university football players and evaluation standard construction

YANG Tao1，LIU Yu-shan1，CHEN Xiao2，WULi1

（1.School of P.E.， North Minzu Univ.， Yinchuan 750021， Ningxia， China; 2. Dept. of P.E.， Zhongnan University of Economics and Law， Wuhan 430073， Hubei， China）

Abstract：To explore the running characteristics of university football players in China， “GenGee INSAIT M1" intelligent football performance analysis system is used to collect the running data in 20 games in the 2018～2019 China University Football League campus group finals. With variance analysis， players running index is analyzed and the evaluation standard is established. Results showed that： 1） There is a big gap between university players and the elite players; compared with the running data of national high school students games， high intensity running distance is less， medium intensity running is more. The running distance and characteristics are similar to those of Chinese women players. The characteristics of running index in different periods was similar to top level players. 2） The running performance of different positions shows position characteristics， winger significantly higher than central midfielder in movement intensity， and full-backs significantly higher than central defender. Between wingers and the full-backs， central midfielder and central defender， only in the running distance midfielder is significantly higher than the backcourt player. Winger and central defender， central midfielder and the full-back have bigger difference. There is no significant difference between different locations on the maximum speed， the fastest is full-backs followed by forward， winger， central defender and central halfback. 3） According to the running characteristics of different positions， the evaluation standardand for different positions is established by applying the deviation analysis.

Key words： university students; football games; running characteristics; evaluation standard

隨著校園足球的蓬勃發展，校園足球的競賽體系逐步完善。各級聯賽的大力投入，其中也包括一些科技產品的贊助，使校園足球受到廣大學生球迷的關注和重視，大學生校園足球聯賽水平也逐漸提高，競爭愈加激烈，部分學者開始對校園足球運動表現進行研究。如今關于……