不同專業背景文案人員對頸椎病認知情況的比較研究

關福源+楊歡野+黃紅星

【摘要】 目的：了解本市不同專業背景文案人員對頸椎病防治知識的知曉情況和預防意識，為頸椎病實施健康教育等干預措施提供方向和依據，從而有效改善文案人員頸椎保健知識和能力。方法：選用隨機抽樣的方法，以問卷形式對東莞市8所醫療機構以及某鎮街事業單位的190名文案人員進行抽樣調查。結果：所有文案人員頸部不適的患病率達76.9%，醫學專業組對于頸部受涼、缺乏運動、不良的飲食習慣、急性損傷（運動不熱身）這四個危險因素的知曉率均明顯高于非醫學專業組（P<0.05）。醫學專業組在改善工作姿勢建議、頸椎保健知識教育方面的需求意愿不及非醫學專業組（P<0.05）。而日常行為方面，兩組適量運動、頸部保暖比較，差異均有統計學意義（P<0.05），其他方面比較差異均無統計學意義（P>0.05）。結論：具備醫學專業背景的文案人員，對頸椎病知識更加了解，但文案人員普遍存在不良行為習慣，影響著頸椎健康，頸部不適的患病率處于較高水平，各級健康教育機構應針對不同的文案人員對頸椎健康及相關健康知識需求進行正確的健康指導和實施行為干預，有效改善文案人員頸椎病知識-態度-行為狀態，養成頸椎保健的習慣，減少頸椎病的發生率和復發率，提高生活質量，達到健康促進目的。

【關鍵詞】 頸椎病預防； 調查分析； 文案人員； 認知情況

【Abstract】 Objective：To understand the knowledge and prevention control of cervical spondylosis by different professional backgrounds in this city，and to provide the direction and basis for the implementation of health education and other interventions for cervical spondylosis，so as to effectively improve the knowledge and ability of cervical vertebra health care of the clerical staff.Method：A random sampling method was selected，190 cases of clerical staff in 8 medical institutions and a town government in Dongguan were used the questionnaires.Result：The prevalence of cervical discomfort for all clerical staff reached 76.9%，the neck was cold，the lack of exercise，bad eating habits，acute injury（exercise does not warm up） the four risk factors awareness rate of medical professional group were significantly higher than those of non medical group（P<0.05）.The demand for better posture，advice and knowledge about health education in the medical profession group were less than those of the non medical group（P<0.05）.And the daily behavior，the moderate exercise，neck heat comparison of two groups were compared，the difference were statistically significant（P<0.05），other habits of two groups were compared，the differences were not statistically significant（P>0.05）.Conclusion：The clerical staff with medical background have a better understanding of the knowledge of cervical spondylosis，but clerical staff generally have bad habits，affecting the health of cervical spine，the prevalence of cervical discomfort is at a high level，and the health education institutions at all levels should be different clerical staff on cervical health and related health knowledge needs to correct health guidance and implementation of intervention，effectively improve the clerical staff cervical spondylosis knowledge-attitude-behavior status，develop cervical health habits，reduce the incidence of cervical spondylosis and recurrence rate，improve the quality of life，to achieve the purpose of health promotion.endprint

【Key words】 Cervical spondylosis prevention； Investigation and analysis； Clerical staff； Cognitive situation

First-authors address：The Sixth Peoples Hospital of Dongguan City，Dongguan 523000，China

doi：10.3969/j.issn.1674-4985.2017.29.026

頸椎病（Cervical spondylosis）是由于頸椎間盤退變、突出、頸椎骨質增生等退行性變刺激或壓迫其周圍神經、血管、脊髓引起的一系列癥狀[1]。頸椎病是一種臨床常見病，隨著生活方式及工作方式的改變，從事文案工作人員越來越多，如機關、企事業單位工作人員，由于長時間伏案工作、持續使用電腦、頭頸固定在前屈位置，得不到及時休息調整，使頸椎椎體序列發生改變，出現脖子發僵、發硬、肩背部沉重，甚至頭痛、頭暈和視力減退等頸椎病癥狀，嚴重影響正常工作和生活，影響著人們的生存質量[2-4]?！?br>