黃進杰
【摘要】 目前國內外急診急救及重癥監護醫學等領域關注的一個焦點是如何在各病種患者不同診療時期評價其病情,比較其治療效果及預后,評價重癥監護的醫療資源利用情況及繼續加強醫療干預的價值。從20世紀70年代開始,以量化評分法“急性生理和慢性健康評分系統”(APACHE)應用于疾病嚴重程度及預后評估,經過不斷完善已經發展到了第四代,并成為急診急救及重癥監護醫學中應用最廣泛的疾病嚴重程度評分系統之一。
【關鍵詞】 急危重癥; APACHE評分系統
【Abstract】 At present,one of the focuses of domains such as the Emergency and Critical care medicine is how to evaluate different type of diseases at different period of times at home and abroad,comparing therapeutic effect as well as prognosis,and evaluating the utilization of the medical resources of the intensive care as well as continuously reinforcing the value of medical intervention.From 1970s,APACHE came into use in the way of quantitative score and applied to the severity of illness and prognosis evaluation, after continuous development and improvement,it had developed to the fourth generation and became one of the most widely use in the severity of illness scoring system in the Emergency and Critical care medicine.
【Key words】 Severe acute disease; APACHE
First-authors address:Guigang Combination of Chinese Traditional and Western Medicine Hospital,Guigang 537100,China
doi:10.3969/j.issn.1674-4985.2017.29.036
急診急救及重癥監護醫學中,急危重癥患者病情復雜、變化大而快、死亡率高,如何提高加強醫療的價值?合理利用及分配醫療資源?這需要規范化的診療行為,統一的評價標準。目前國內外急診急救及重癥監護醫學等領域關注的一個焦點是如何在各病種患者不同診療時期評價其病情,比較其治療效果及預后,評價重癥監護的醫療資源利用情況及繼續加強醫療干預的價值!從20世紀70年代開始,國外學者首先采用量化評分法應用于疾病嚴重程度及預后評估,在急診急救及重癥監護醫學等領域被廣泛應用并發揮著重要的作用[1]。此后國內外學者經過30多年不斷的臨床研究,急性生理和慢性健康評分系統(Acute Physiology and Chronic Health Evaluation,APACHE)逐漸完善為急診急救及重癥監護醫學中應用最廣泛的疾病嚴重程度及預后的評分系統之一[2]。現將APACHE疾病評分系統的應用現狀綜述如下。
1 APACHE的概念及發展歷程
急危重病評分系統(APACHE評分系統)包括反映急性疾病嚴重程度的急性生理學評分(APS)和患病前的慢性健康狀況評價(CPS)兩部分。……