綜合護理中應用人格分類對乳腺癌患者癌因性疲乏的影響

侯偉++劉春燕+李愛君+李晶+高燕

【摘要】 目的：探討在綜合護理手段中應用人格分析作為指導，對改善乳腺癌患者癌因性疲乏狀況的效果。方法：將符合標準的138例乳腺癌患者按照隨機數字表法分為觀察組70例和對照組68例，兩組均進行綜合護理，觀察組在進行護理決策時參考患者的人格分析，比較兩組患者的癌因性疲乏狀況、焦慮抑郁狀況、對護理的滿意程度及兩組護師對完成工作的勞累感程度。結果：干預前，兩組癌因性疲乏程度比較差異無統計學意義（P>0.05），情感疲乏程度觀察組比對照組明顯改善（P<0.05），觀察組焦慮及抑郁情況均較對照組明顯改善，（P<0.05），觀察組患者對護理的滿意程度優于對照組（P<0.05），觀察組護師比對照組護師感覺工作更加輕松（P<0.05）。結論：在綜合護理中運用人格分類進行指導，能夠減輕護理工作的負擔，同時更好地改善患者的焦慮、抑郁情況及CRF的程度。

【關鍵詞】 乳腺癌； 癌因性疲乏； 人格分類

Effect of Comprehensive Nursing Intervention Based on Personality Classification on Breast Cancer-related Fatigue/HOU Wei，LIU Chun-yan，LI Ai-jun，et al.//Medical Innovation of China，2017，14（22）：073-077

【Abstract】 Objective：To explore the effect of comprehensive nursing intervention based on personality classification on alleviating the cancer-related fatigue in breast cancer patients.Method：A total of 138 breast cancer patients who met the inclusion criteria were randomly divided into the observational group（n=70） and the control group（n=68）.Comprehensive nursing service was provided to two groups，and for the observational group the nursing service was implemented based on the patients personality classification.The fatigue，depression and anxiety，satisfaction of nursing for the patients and the fatigue after work for the nurses between two groups were compared.Result：There was no significant difference in the degree of fatigue of two groups（P>0.05）.The degree of emotional fatigue was more decreased in the observational group than that in the control group（P<0.05）.The degree of anxiety and depression of the observational group was obviously alleviated and significantly lower than those of the control group（P<0.05）.The patients in the observational group were more satisfied with the nursing than those in the control group（P<0.05）.The nurse practitioners of the observational group feel easier at work were more than those of the control group（P<0.05）.Conclusion：By the guidance of the personality classification，the comprehensive nursing can be easier to carry out and can alleviate anxiety，depression and cancer-related fatigue of breast cancer patients.

【Key words】 Breast cancer； Cancer-related fatigue； Personality classification

First-authors address：Taian Tumor Prevention and Treatment Hospital，Taian 271000，China

doi：10.3969/j.issn.1674-4985.2017.22.021

癌因性疲乏（cancer-related fatigue，CRF）是與腫瘤或腫瘤治療有關的一種持續性的主觀上的勞累感和疲乏感，并伴有功能障礙[1]。在腫瘤患者中，CRF的發生非常普遍。徐波等[2]對化療的癌癥患者調查發現，76.36%的患者出現中到重度的CRF。乳腺癌患者在接受綜合治療中，CRF的發生比其他類型的腫瘤患者要高，Longman等[3]報道，正在接受輔助化療的乳腺癌患者有58%～94%經受著CRF的痛苦。因此，對CRF進行干預，是促進乳腺癌患者康復、改善其生活質量的重要手段。人格是一個人一切心理特征的總括，是個人性格、氣質、才能、興趣及智能的總和，是一個人獨立于其他人的標志。人格具有相對穩定的固有特質。研究發現，人格特質不同，其CRF的發生率也不同，對其護理的方式也不盡相同。姜萍嵐[4]研究發現，神經質、精神質和較內向的乳腺癌患者有較高的CRF發生率。筆者對乳腺癌患者的CRF進行護理干預時，應用人格分類進行指導，取得了滿意的效果，現報道如下。en……