少數(shù)民族地區(qū)現(xiàn)代特色農(nóng)業(yè)發(fā)展的新路徑

凌榮娟 陸維研

摘要分析了少數(shù)民族地區(qū)發(fā)展特色農(nóng)業(yè)的優(yōu)勢，如具有國家政策的扶持、自然資源豐富、當(dāng)?shù)鼐哂刑厣褡逦幕?。以廣西恭城紅巖村為例，介紹了當(dāng)?shù)靥厣r(nóng)業(yè)——月柿產(chǎn)業(yè)發(fā)展現(xiàn)狀，提出了少數(shù)民族地區(qū)發(fā)展現(xiàn)代特色農(nóng)業(yè)的新路徑：實(shí)施品牌化戰(zhàn)略，推動(dòng)特色農(nóng)業(yè)全產(chǎn)業(yè)鏈發(fā)展；促進(jìn)特色農(nóng)業(yè)與少數(shù)民族文化融合發(fā)展；深化特色農(nóng)業(yè)與休閑生態(tài)旅游的結(jié)合。

關(guān)鍵詞特色農(nóng)業(yè)；產(chǎn)業(yè)鏈；少數(shù)民族地區(qū)；恭城紅巖村

中圖分類號S-9文獻(xiàn)標(biāo)識碼

A文章編號0517-6611（2017）10-0233-03

A New Approach of Characteristic Modern Agriculture Development in Regions Inhabited by Ethnic Groups—A Case Study of Hongyan Village of Gongcheng in Guangxi

LING Rongjuan1，LU Weiyan2*（1.Agricultural College，Guangxi University，Nanning，Guangxi 530004；2.Economic and Trade College，Guangxi University of Finance and Economics，Nanning，Guangxi 530003）

AbstractThe advantages of characteristic agricultural development in the minority areas were analyzed，such as the support of national policy， rich natural resources，possessing local special culture.Conducted a survey and analysis of Hongyan Village of Gongcheng in Guangxi as research objects，the current development of characteristic agriculture in Hongyan Village of Gongcheng in Guangxi was introduced.A new approach to development modern agriculture in ethnic minority areas was proposed：Implementing brand strategy，building the whole industry chain，promoting the development of characteristic agriculture and minority cultures；deeping the combination of characteristic agriculture and ecological leisure tourism.

Key wordsCharacteristic agriculture；Chain；Regions inhabited by ethnic groups；Hongyan Village of Gongcheng

我國是一個(gè)由56個(gè)民族組成的多民族國家，有5個(gè)自治區(qū)、30個(gè)自治州和120個(gè)自治縣（旗），民族自治地區(qū)面積約占全國總面積的64%[1]。目前我國少數(shù)民族地區(qū)農(nóng)業(yè)發(fā)展普遍滯后，推進(jìn)現(xiàn)代特色農(nóng)業(yè)發(fā)展、促使產(chǎn)業(yè)優(yōu)化升級，是推動(dòng)少數(shù)民族地區(qū)經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展以及實(shí)現(xiàn)當(dāng)?shù)剞r(nóng)民脫貧致富的現(xiàn)實(shí)選擇。

在我國，具有品種資源特色、地方特色、民族特色的農(nóng)業(yè)生產(chǎn)由來已久。近幾年來，全國各地少數(shù)民族聚居區(qū)深入開展與發(fā)展少數(shù)民族特色農(nóng)業(yè)，逐步探索出了“公司+基地+農(nóng)戶”“合作社+基地+農(nóng)戶”“超市+基地+農(nóng)戶”等多種生產(chǎn)經(jīng)營組織形式，并結(jié)合當(dāng)?shù)孛褡逄厣l(fā)展出農(nóng)村生態(tài)旅游等特色農(nóng)業(yè)項(xiàng)目；隨著財(cái)政資金的不斷投入，很多地區(qū)已經(jīng)形成了一定規(guī)模的產(chǎn)業(yè)化特色農(nóng)業(yè)，使地方農(nóng)業(yè)發(fā)展走向高端化、旅游化、現(xiàn)代化；一些地方提出了都市多功能農(nóng)業(yè)園區(qū)建設(shè)，將一些農(nóng)業(yè)種植園區(qū)建設(shè)成“農(nóng)旅一體”的精品特色農(nóng)業(yè)示范區(qū)，“農(nóng)旅結(jié)合”的方式推動(dòng)了當(dāng)?shù)剞r(nóng)業(yè)結(jié)構(gòu)的轉(zhuǎn)型升級，一些生態(tài)旅游項(xiàng)目一方面促進(jìn)農(nóng)民增收、推動(dòng)當(dāng)?shù)亟?jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展，另一方面也為改變當(dāng)?shù)厣鷳B(tài)環(huán)境、改變農(nóng)村面貌做出重大貢獻(xiàn)。……