?農業高質量發展中龍頭企業的引領作用研究

摘 要：從微觀經營主體視角出發，結合湖南省農業龍頭企業的典型案例，研究新型農業經營主體中的“領頭雁”——龍頭企業對農業高質量發展的引領作用。研究表明，龍頭企業通過發揮技術效應、規模經濟效應、品牌效應，發展新產業、新業態、新模式，實現農業綠色發展，促進農業規模化經營，推進農產品供給提質增效，從而引領農業高質量發展。但當前龍頭企業引領農業高質量發展還面臨諸多困境，如對龍頭企業的要素供給不足、龍頭企業與農戶等相關主體的利益聯結機制不完善、龍頭企業品牌建設比較滯后等。故從政府和龍頭企業2個角度提出促進龍頭企業引領農業高質量發展的對策建議：政府要完善政策支持機制，通過在技術協同創新、資金、品牌培育以及人才培養、引進方面加大支持力度，助力龍頭企業發揮引領作用；龍頭企業要克服自身發展的局限性，注重農業科技創新、強化品牌打造與運營，完善利益聯結機制、實現多主體互利共贏，努力發揮引領帶動作用。

關鍵詞：龍頭企業；農業高質量發展；技術效應；規模經濟效應；品牌效應；湖南

中圖分類號：F324 " " " " " " " " " " " 文獻標識碼：A 文章編號：1006-060X（2023）03-0099-06

Abstract： From the perspective of micro-operating entities， combined with typical cases of agricultural leading enterprises in Hunan Province， this paper studies the leading role of leading enterprises （the \"leading goose\" in new type of agricultural operating entities） in high-quality agricultural development. It shows that， by giving play to effects of the technology， scale economy and brand， leading enterprises develop new industries， new forms and new models， realize the green development of agriculture， promote the large-scale operation of agriculture， and promote the quality and efficiency of agricultural products supply， thus leading high-quality agricultural development. However， leading enterprises still face many difficulties in leading high-quality agricultural development， such as the insufficient supply of factors for leading enterprises， imperfect interest linkage mechanism among leading enterprises， peasant households and other related subjects， and lagging of brand construction of leading enterprises. Therefore， countermeasures and suggestions are put forward from two perspectives of the government and leading enterprises， so as to promote leading enterprises to lead high-quality agricultural development.The government should improve the policy support mechanism， and help leading enterprises play a leading role by strengthening support in aspects of technology collaborative innovation， capital investment， brand cultivation， and talent cultivation and introduction. Leading enterprises should overcome limitations of their own development， and strive to play a leading role by paying attention to agricultural science and technology innovation， strengthening brand building and operation， improving the interest linkage mechanism， and achieving mutual benefit and win-win results among multiple subjects.

Key words：leading enterprises; high-quality agricultural development; technology effect; scale economy effect; brand effect; Hunan

黨的二十大報告指出：“高質量發展是全面建設社會主義現代化國家的首要任務。”農業是國民經濟和社會發展的基礎，實現農業高質量發展是其題中應有之義。我國已對農業高質量發展的目標要求和重點任務作出明確部署。2019年，農業農村部等七部……