?洞庭湖生態(tài)經濟區(qū)農業(yè)高質量發(fā)展水平測度及其影響因素

摘 要：基于2007—2020年洞庭湖生態(tài)經濟區(qū)25個縣（市、區(qū)）農業(yè)高質量發(fā)展方面的數(shù)據(jù)，從經濟發(fā)展、社會效益和生態(tài)保護3個維度層構建其農業(yè)高質量發(fā)展評價指標體系，運用全局主成分分析法以及障礙因子診斷模型，實證分析洞庭湖生態(tài)經濟區(qū)農業(yè)高質量發(fā)展水平及其影響因素。研究結果表明：2007—2020年洞庭湖生態(tài)經濟區(qū)農業(yè)高質量發(fā)展水平總體呈現(xiàn)逐年上升的趨勢，但各縣（市、區(qū)）之間存在顯著的差異；與2007年相比較，2020年洞庭湖生態(tài)經濟區(qū)農業(yè)高質量發(fā)展主要障礙因素由經濟發(fā)展、社會效益2個維度擴展到經濟發(fā)展、社會效益和生態(tài)保護3個維度。在此基礎上，提出優(yōu)化鄉(xiāng)村產業(yè)布局，加強農業(yè)科技創(chuàng)新，提升農地產出率；拓展就業(yè)渠道，落實支持政策，提升農村勞動力就業(yè)率；減少農用塑料薄膜使用量，增加有效灌溉面積，保障生態(tài)農業(yè)穩(wěn)定發(fā)展等建議，以促進洞庭湖生態(tài)經濟區(qū)農業(yè)高質量發(fā)展。

關鍵詞：農業(yè)高質量發(fā)展；指標體系；水平測度；影響因素；洞庭湖生態(tài)經濟區(qū)

中圖分類號：F327 文獻標識碼：A 文章編號： 1006-060X（2023）03-0092-07

Abstract：Based on the data of high-quality agricultural development in 25 counties （cities and districts） of Dongting Lake ecological economic zone from 2007 to 2020， the study constructed the evaluation index system of high-quality agricultural development from three dimensions of economic development， social benefits and ecological protection， and used the global principal component analysis method and obstacle factor diagnosis model to analyze the level of high-quality agricultural development in Dongting Lake ecological economic zone and its influencing factors. The results showed that the level of high-quality agricultural development in Dongting Lake ecological economic zone showed an upward trend year by year from 2007 to 2020， but there were significant differences among counties （cities and districts）. Compared with those in 2007， main obstacles to high-quality agricultural development in Dongting Lake ecological economic zone in 2020 expanded from two dimensions of economic development and social benefits to three dimensions of economic development， social benefits and ecological protection. Hence， the study proposed to optimize the layout of rural industries， strengthen the innovation of agricultural science and technology， and raise the yield rate of agricultural land; to expand employment channels， implement supporting policies， and increase the employment rate of rural labor; to reduce the use of agricultural plastic film， increase the effective irrigation area， and guarantee the stable development of ecological agriculture， so as to promote high-quality agricultural development in Dongting Lake ecological economic zone.

Key words：high-quality agricultural development; index system; level measurement; influencing factors; Dongting Lake ecological economic zone

黨的二十大報告提出“高質量發(fā)展是全面建設社會主義現(xiàn)代化國家的首要任務”，高質量發(fā)展離不開農業(yè)的高質量發(fā)展。推動農業(yè)高質量發(fā)展是實現(xiàn)鄉(xiāng)村振興的重要途徑，也是建設社會主義現(xiàn)代化強國的客觀要求。素有“魚米之鄉(xiāng)”美譽和“長江之腎”美稱的洞庭湖，承載著湖南48%的農業(yè)產值[1]，是我國重要的農產品生產基地，也擔負著長江流域生態(tài)安全、水安全和國家糧食安全等重大責任，推進洞庭湖區(qū)農業(yè)高質量發(fā)展意義重大。……