

摘 要:為了探明湘煙7號的最佳留葉數和留葉方式,在永順煙區開展了大田試驗,研究不同留葉數和留葉方式對湘煙7號中部葉物理特性、化學成分及協調性和經濟性狀的影響。結果表明:在物理特性方面,當留葉數為18片、留葉方式為打去1片頂葉時,湘煙7號中部葉的物理特性表現最優;在化學成分及協調性方面,均以留葉數為20片、打去1片頂葉時表現最佳;在經濟性狀方面,留葉數為18片、留葉方式為打去3片頂葉的處理同時具有最高的產量、均價和產值,留葉數為22片、留葉方式為打去3片頂葉的處理則具有最高的上等煙比例,而留葉數為20片、留葉方式為打去1片頂葉的處理產量、產值均為第2位。綜合以上結果,筆者認為在永順煙區湘煙7號的最佳留葉數為20片,最佳留葉方式為打去1片頂葉,在該處理下各項性狀表現較優,產質量最佳。
關鍵詞:烤煙;留葉數;留葉方式;湘煙7號
中圖分類號:S369 文獻標識碼:A 文章編號:1006-060X(2023)04-0015-04
Abstract:A field experiment was carried out in Yongshun tobacco area to study the effects of different remained numbers and remaining methods of leaves on the physical properties, chemical composition and harmony, and economic traits of Xiangyan No. 7 middle leaves. The results showed that when remained 18 leaves with one top leaf removal, Xiangyan No. 7 presented the best physical properties of middle leaves; when remained 20 leaves with one top leaf removal, it presented the best chemical composition and harmony, meanwhile its yield and output value ranked the second of all the treatments; when remained 18 leaves with three top leaves removal, it presented the highest yield, average price and output value; when remained 22 leaves with three top leaves removal, it generated the highest proportion of premium tobacco. Comprehensively, for Xiangyan No. 7 in Yongshun tobacco region, the optimum number of leaves remaind is 20 leaves, and the optimum leaf-remaining mode is removing one top leaf, under which it performs well in addition to high quality and yield.
Key words:tobacco; remained leaf number; leaf retention method; Xiangyan No. 7
烤煙是一種以收獲葉片為栽培目的葉用經濟作物[1]。頂端優勢是一種在高等植物中廣泛存在的自然現象,在大田生長發育后期,煙株開始由營養生長向生殖生長進行轉化,頂芽在生長后期將發育成為繁殖芽,此時如果任其開花結實,煙株根系中的水分及營養物質,中下部葉片中儲存的營養物質及同化產物將在頂端進行集中分配[2],會導致上部葉片重量輕、葉面積變小、中下部葉片厚度變薄、重量變輕等問題,對烤煙產質量產生極大的不良影響。……