桂水榮 藍天飛 陳水生 葛世祺



摘要: 為研究交通事故對高速公路交通流的影響,以雙車道安全距離元胞自動機模型為基礎引入強行變道規則,建立了考慮車輛異質性的高速公路車輛堵塞模型。利用MATLAB數值模擬高速公路異質交通流,分析不同交通密度情況下的交通事故持續時間以及重載貨車占比對高速公路堵塞交通流的影響。研究表明:交通事故持續時間及重載貨車占比均對高速公路堵塞交通流具有顯著影響;當車輛密度大于4veh/km小于80veh/km時,交通事故持續時間對交通流有著顯著影響,且持續時間越長對交通流的影響越大;當車輛密度小于30veh/km時,重載貨車占比對交通流有著顯著的影響,并且占比越大對交通流影響越大。
關鍵詞: 異質交通流;元胞自動機;模型仿真;堵塞
中圖分類號: U491.4;U491.1文獻標識碼: A
收稿日期: 2021-09-17;修回日期:2022-01-03
基金項目: 國家自然科學基金(52268026);江西省自然科學基金(20181BAB206041,20181BAB206043)
第一作者: 桂水榮(1979-),女,江西九江人,博士,副教授,主要研究方向為公路橋梁車橋耦合振動。
On Congestion Traffic Flow Model Considering Vehicle Heterogeneity
GUI Shuirong,LAN Tianfei,CHEN Shuisheng,GE Shiqi
(School of Civil Engineering and Architecture,East China Jiaotong University,Nanchan 330013, China)
Abstract:In order to study the impact of traffic accidents on expressway traffic flow, a forced lane change rule was introduced based on the two-lane safe distance cellular automaton model, and a highway vehicle congestion model considering the heterogeneity of vehicles was established.The heterogeneous traffic flow on expressways was used by MATLAB numerical simulation, the impact of the duration of traffic accidents and the proportion of heavy trucks under different traffic densities on expressway congestion traffic flow was analyzed. Research shows that the duration of traffic accidents and the proportion of heavy trucks have a significant impact on the traffic flow of highway congestion; when the vehicle density is greater than 4veh/km and less than 80veh/km, the duration of the traffic accident has a significant impact on traffic flow. And the longer the duration, the greater the impact influences on the traffic flow; when the vehicle density is less than 30veh/km, the proportion of heavy trucks has a significant impact on the traffic flow, and the larger the proportion, the greater the impact influences on the traffic flow.
Key words: heterogeneous traffic flow; cellular automata; simulation model; congestion
0 引言
高速公路作為一種現代化的交通運輸方式,對社會經濟發展有著巨大的促進作用,高速公路上的交通流在絕大部分時間里均為混合流,行駛在高速公路上的汽車一般可以分為小汽車及重載貨車,盡管重載貨車數量遠小于小汽車,但研究表明重載貨車對交通流具有顯著的影響[15],隨著社會發展,交通擁堵問題也愈發明顯。引起高速公路交通產生擁堵的原因多種多樣,其中交通意外事件造成的擁堵居首位。……