陳兆清 徐昕
摘要 家庭聯產承包責任制是黨領導下的中國農民的偉大創舉,在新時代,要繼續發揚解放思想、實事求是、不怕風險、敢為人先以及相信群眾、依靠群眾的“大包干”精神,把農村改革和農業發展推進到一個新的發展階段。大力弘揚“大包干”精神,要以習近平新時代中國特色社會主義思想為指導,堅持以人民為中心,堅持農民在鄉村振興中的主體地位,深化農村經濟體制改革,堅持從農村實際出發,同時要處理好公平與效率的關系問題,從而推動農業全面升級、農村全面進步、農民全面發展,譜寫新時期鄉村全面振興新篇章。
關鍵詞 大包干;鄉村振興;新時期
中圖分類號 S-9 文獻標識碼 A 文章編號 0517-6611(2018)22-0200-03
Abstract The “allround contract” which is also called household responsibility system is a great pioneering undertaking of the Chinese farmers under the leadership of the party.In the new period, we must continue to promote the spirit of the household responsibility system, which is to emancipate the mind, to seek truth from facts, not be afraid of risk, dare to be ahead of people, to believe and rely on the masses.In order to carry forward this spirit, we must use Xi Jinpings thought on socialism with Chinese characteristics for a new period as a guide, persist in taking the people as the center, persist in the peasantrys dominant position in the revitalization of the countryside, deepen the reform of the rural economic system, and persist in proceeding from rural realities, and we must handle the relationship between fairness and efficiency, thus to promote an overall upgrade of agriculture, make overall progress in rural areas, develop farmers in an allround way, and write a new chapter in the revitalization of the countryside in a new period.
Key words Allround contract;Rural revitalization;New period
中國改革發端于農村,農村改革起自安徽六安和滁州。1978年,改革的春風還攜帶著絲絲寒意,時屬六安地區的肥西縣山南區和六安縣三十鋪、徐集區部分村組,尤其是以山南區小井莊為代表,開始試行家庭聯產承包責任制,開創了農業“大包干”的先河。多年來,鳳陽縣小崗村被公認為農村家庭聯產承包責任制的發源地,而實際上,安徽省肥西縣小井莊農民“包產到戶”比鳳陽縣小崗村1978年12月決定搞“大包干”要早兩個多月。1980年5月31日,鄧小平在《關于農村政策問題》一文中指出:“安徽肥西縣絕大多數生產隊包產到戶,增產幅度很大”。
1 安徽農村改革啟動的背景
中國農村改革首先從安徽啟動是基于以下3個方面的因素:一是延續了多年的“三級所有,隊為基礎”的人民公社體制,嚴重挫傷了農民的生產積極性?!?br>