改良枕大池二次注血法建立大鼠蛛網膜下腔出血模型

單宏寬　劉剛

【摘要】 目的：建立大鼠蛛網膜下腔出血模型，通過研究其出血后認知、行為學改變，基底動脈變化探討枕大池穿刺二次注入自體動脈血溶血物法建立大鼠蛛網膜下腔出血模型的實際可行性。方法：將72只清潔級雄性SD大鼠（體重300～350 g）隨機分成對照組（n=12只）、實驗組（n=60只）。實驗組又分別劃分為出血后12 h、24 h、48 h、3 d、5 d 5個時相組，每個時相組各12只大鼠。造模后，通過水迷宮試驗觀察各時相點大鼠蛛網膜下腔出血后的認知、行為學改變，評價大鼠的學習記憶功能障礙。結果：水迷宮結果顯示實驗組大鼠與正常對照組比較，逃避潛伏期明顯延長，跨越平臺次數減少，差異均有統計學意義（P<0.05）。大體標本觀察，對照組腦蛛網膜下腔未見出血，實驗組大鼠蛛網膜下腔出血明顯，可見有大量血液或血凝塊彌漫分布于蛛網膜下腔。結論：枕大池穿刺二次注入自體動脈血溶血物法建立模型操作簡便易行，可重復性強，大鼠學習記憶功能障礙改變明顯。大鼠基底動脈痙攣明顯，模型復制成功。

【關鍵詞】 蛛網膜下腔出血； 動物模型； 注血法； 水迷宮

The SAH Model by Improved Two Times Injections of Arterial Blood Solvate into Cisterna Magna Directly in Rats/SHAN Hong-kuan，LIU Gang.//Medical Innovation of China，2017，14（22）：016-020

【Abstract】 Objective：To study the practical feasibility of two times injections of arterial blood solvate into cisterna magna directly by establishing SAH model in rats by observating the cognitive and behavioral change after subarachnoid hemorrhage in rats.Method：72 clean-level male SD rats were randomly divided into control group（n=12） and experimental group（n=60）.Experimental group were randomly divided into 12 h，24 h，48 h，

3 d，5 d group，12 rats in each group.After modeling，the cognitive and behavioral changes of subarachnoid hemorrhage in rats at different time points by water maze test were observed，the learning and memory impairment in rats were evaluated.Result：Morris water maze showed that the escape latency was prolonged significantly and the number of cross-platform reduced in each group of SAH compared with those of experimental group，the differences were statistically significant（P<0.05）.In general observation，there was no hemorrhage in the subarachnoid space of the control group.The subarachnoid hemorrhage in the experimental group was obvious，and there was a large amount of blood or blood clot distributed around the subarachnoid space.Conclusion：It is easy to perform and repeat the SAH model in rats established by two times injections of arterial blood solvate into cisterna magna directly， whose clinical symptoms and the dysfunction of learning and memory are changed significantly.The artery cramps obviously，which meant the model is established successfully.

【Key words】 Subarachnoid hemorrhage； Animal mode； Blood injection； Morris water maze

First-authors address：Liaocheng Central Hospital of Shandong Province，Liaocheng 252000，China

doi：10.3969/j.issn.1674-4985.2017.22.005

蛛網膜下腔出血（Subarachnoid hemorrhage，SAH）是臨床常見的腦血管疾病，死亡率及致殘率高，目前對于該病早期的高死亡率知之甚少，因此動物實驗成為研究的重要方法。建立一種操作簡單、發病機制相似的動物模型來研究SAH后的病理生理變化，對臨床治療具有重要的指導意義。本研究采用枕大池穿刺二次注入自體動脈血溶血物法建立大鼠蛛網膜下腔出血模型，通過研究其出血后認知、行為學改變，探討模型的可靠性，以期提供簡單、可靠的SAH動物模型制作方法。endprint

1 材料與方法

1.1 材料 72只清潔級雄性SD大鼠（體重300～350 g）隨機分成假手術組即對照組（n=12只）、實驗組（n=60只）。實驗組又分別劃分為出血后

12 h、24 h、48 h、3 d、5 d 5個時相組，每個時相組各12只大鼠。對各組大鼠采用枕大池穿刺二次注入自體動脈血溶血物法建立蛛網膜下腔出血模型。……