衛(wèi)輝市農(nóng)業(yè)環(huán)境問(wèn)題及污染控制對(duì)策

史衛(wèi)新 延軍平

摘要 以唐莊鎮(zhèn)崗槽村為例，運(yùn)用文獻(xiàn)查閱法、訪談法、實(shí)地觀察法等對(duì)該村農(nóng)業(yè)環(huán)境問(wèn)題進(jìn)行了調(diào)查。結(jié)果表明，崗槽村面臨的主要農(nóng)業(yè)環(huán)境問(wèn)題是秸稈的棄置與焚燒、生活垃圾在田間處理不當(dāng)；該村有必要采取相應(yīng)的處理技術(shù)解決好農(nóng)業(yè)環(huán)境問(wèn)題，保障糧食安全，推進(jìn)農(nóng)業(yè)綠色發(fā)展。并在此基礎(chǔ)上提出了幾種解決對(duì)策，包括農(nóng)作物秸稈的污染控制，生活垃圾處理，政府政策引導(dǎo)，加強(qiáng)宣傳和知識(shí)普及。

關(guān)鍵詞 綠色發(fā)展；農(nóng)村；農(nóng)業(yè)環(huán)境；秸稈；生活垃圾

中圖分類(lèi)號(hào) S181.3 文獻(xiàn)標(biāo)識(shí)碼 A 文章編號(hào) 0517-6611（2017）13-0056-03

Problems of Agricultural Environment and Pollution Control Strategy in Weihui City—Taking Gangcao Village of Tangzhuang Township as an Example

SHI Wei-xin，YAN Jun-ping*

（College of Tourism and Environment，Shaanxi Normal University，Xian，Shaanxi 710062）

Abstract Taking Gangcao Village of Tangzhuang Township as an example，using the literature method，interview method，observation method， a survey on the problems of agricultural environment in this village was conducted.The results showed that main agricultural environmental problems in the village were the abandonment and burning of straw and improper disposal of domestic waste in the field.It was necessary for the village to take appropriate measures to solve the problems of agricultural environment，ensure food security and promote the development of green agriculture.Based on this，some countermeasures were put forward including crop straw pollution control，waste disposal， government policy guidance， publicity enhancement and knowledge popularization.

Key words Green development；Rural area；Agricultural environment；Straw；Domestic garbage

黨的十八屆五中全會(huì)上，習(xí)近平同志提出創(chuàng)新、協(xié)調(diào)、綠色、開(kāi)放、共享“五大發(fā)展理念”，將綠色發(fā)展作為關(guān)系我國(guó)發(fā)展全局的一個(gè)重要理念。要推進(jìn)綠色發(fā)展，建設(shè)美麗中國(guó)，就要推進(jìn)綠色惠民、綠色生產(chǎn)，保護(hù)生態(tài)環(huán)境就是保障民生，改善生態(tài)環(huán)境就是改善民生，要減少生產(chǎn)過(guò)程中的材料和能源浪費(fèi)，提高資源利用率，減少?gòu)U棄物排放量，加強(qiáng)廢棄物處理[1]。

衛(wèi)輝市是我國(guó)重要的小麥商品糧基地和棉花基地，盡管多年來(lái)衛(wèi)輝市農(nóng)業(yè)成果豐碩，但仍存在不少環(huán)境問(wèn)題。筆者以衛(wèi)輝市唐莊鎮(zhèn)崗槽村為例，綜述了該地區(qū)的農(nóng)業(yè)環(huán)境問(wèn)題及對(duì)策，以期為推進(jìn)綠色農(nóng)業(yè)發(fā)展提供科學(xué)依據(jù)。

1 研究區(qū)域概況

1.1 區(qū)域位置

衛(wèi)輝市位于河南省北部，太行山東麓，中原腹地，古黃河北岸。地理坐標(biāo)為113°51′～114°19′ E，35°19′～35°42′ N。西北部窄，東南部寬，空間直線距離南北長(zhǎng)約43 km，東西寬約35 km，總面積為858.86 km2，是新鄉(xiāng)市地緣最近的衛(wèi)星城，屬新鄉(xiāng)市代管的省轄縣級(jí)市，下轄7鎮(zhèn)6鄉(xiāng)?！?br>