幾種技術(shù)措施對(duì)煙草病毒病的防治效果

匡傳富 陳德鑫 徐同新

摘要[目的]探討幾種技術(shù)措施對(duì)煙草病毒病的防治效果，為有效降低煙草病毒病的發(fā)生與危害提供參考。[方法]研究施用病毒鈍化劑、物理修復(fù)劑、生物修復(fù)劑、控制蚜傳病毒病、田間壯苗無菌土隔離移栽等措施對(duì)防治煙草病毒病的防治效果。[結(jié)果]對(duì)TMV來說，病毒鈍化劑、生物修復(fù)劑以及無菌土隔離移栽對(duì)病毒病的防治效果相對(duì)較好，分別達(dá)73.67%、75.22%、73.15%；對(duì)CMV來說，控制蚜傳病毒病對(duì)病毒病的防治效果最好，達(dá)68.50%，病毒鈍化劑、生物修復(fù)劑以及無菌土隔離移栽的防治效果較好，分別為66.83%、6627%、64.88%；對(duì)PVY來說，控制蚜傳病毒病對(duì)病毒病的防治效果最好，達(dá)68.35%，病毒鈍化劑、生物修復(fù)劑以及無菌土隔離移栽的防治效果較好，分別為64.24%、63.73%、63.78%。[結(jié)論]采取上述幾種措施，對(duì)改善煙葉的農(nóng)藝性狀、植物學(xué)性狀、經(jīng)濟(jì)性狀都有較好效果。

關(guān)鍵詞技術(shù)措施；防治；煙草病毒病

中圖分類號(hào)S435.72文獻(xiàn)標(biāo)識(shí)碼

A文章編號(hào)0517-6611（2017）35-0142-02

Abstract[Objective] The aim was to explore control effect of several technical measures on prevention of tobacco virus to provide reference for the control of tobacco virus.[Method] The virus passivator， physical repair agent， bioremediation agent， Breed sterile control aphid virus disease， the field soil isolation transplanting and other measures were used to control tobacco virus disease.[Result] The results showed that for TMV virus passivator， isolation of transplanting and sterile soil bioremediation agent on the occurrence of virus disease and control effect was relatively good， with 73.67%， 75.22% and 73.15%， respectively.For CMV， control aphid and the occurrence of virus disease of virus disease and control effect was the best， with 68.50%， and viruses passivation agent， bioremediation agent and sterile soil isolation were effective to treat the transplanting， with 66.83%， 66.27% and 64.88%， respectively.For PVY， control aphid transmission virus disease of virus disease occurrence and control effect was the best， with 68.35%.Viruses passivation agent， bioremediation agent and sterile soil isolation were effective to treat the transplanting， with 64.24%， 63.73% and 63.78%， respectively.[Conclusion] Several measures have been taken to improve the agronomic characters， botany characters and economic characters of tobacco leaves.

Key wordsTechnical measures；Prevention and control；Tobacco virus

煙草病毒病是制約我國煙草生產(chǎn)發(fā)展的重要因素之一。人們采取了農(nóng)業(yè)、物理、生物、藥劑等方法，如抗病品種、煙稻輪作、無毒健苗、及時(shí)清理田間衛(wèi)生、清除病殘?bào)w、合理施肥、避蚜防病、適時(shí)用藥等措施[1-3]，雖然能取得一定的效果，但效果仍然不是非常理想。為此，筆者探討了施用病毒鈍化劑、物理修復(fù)劑、生物修復(fù)劑及控制蚜傳病毒病、田間壯苗無菌土隔離移栽等阻斷技術(shù)，措施對(duì)煙草病毒病的防治效果，以期能有效降低煙草病毒病的發(fā)生與危害。

1材料與方法

1.1試驗(yàn)地分別選取2塊往年發(fā)病率中等或以上的煙田。……