秦劍杰+任麗娜+范秦海等



摘要:運用文獻資料、訪談和影片拍攝等方法,對三級跳遠運動員曹碩的三跳技術進行分析。研究結果表明,曹碩的技術類型為單足跳型,與世界優秀三級跳遠選手相比,曹碩在三次跳躍過程中起跳腳著地的角度較大。在完整技術中,曹碩具備較好的支撐和蹬伸能力,空中姿態較為合理。但在第二跳中,起跳腿的發力較為倉促,鞭打幅度需要進一步加強。與第一跳和第三跳相比,曹碩第二跳過程中擺動腿的擺動速度下降明顯,應重點提高第二跳過程中的左腿擺動速度。另外,曹碩在第三跳中的起跳角和騰起角較為合理。相比之下,應對第一、二跳中的起跳角度進行改善。
關鍵詞:三級跳遠;起跳;速度;角度
中圖分類號:G823.4 文獻標識碼:A 文章編號:1006-2076(2015)01-0093-05
Abstract:The jump technique of triple jumper Cao Shuo is analyzed with the methods of documentation, interview and video shooting.The study reveals Cao's technical type is hop type, compared with the world excellent triple jumper, the touchdown angle of his jump foot is bigger in the process of the triple jump. In the complete technique, Cao is equipped with better support and stretching ability, and his posture in the air is more reasonable. However, in the second jump, the power of his take-off leg is urgent and whipping magnitude need further strengthening. Compared with the first and third jump, the speed of his swinging leg in the second jump falls obviously, so it is crucial to enhance the swinging speed of the left leg in the second jump. In addition, his take-off angle and jump angle are rational in the third jump. By contrast, it is necessary to improve the take-off angle in the first and second jump.
Key words: triple jump; takeoff; speed; angle
在三級跳遠的完整技術中,運動員需要在高速狀態下完成三次有力且角度、節奏合理的踏跳。因此,三級跳遠運動員所具備的速度、力量與技術水平,是決定其運動成績的三個最關鍵因素,而運動員所具備的技術水平,已經被認為是現代三級跳遠運動訓練的核心。就男子三級跳遠項目而言,由于所屬的人種不同,我國運動員在身體素質方面與歐美運動員有著較大的差距。因此,不斷完善運動技術,成為了我國男子三級跳遠運動員能否與國外優秀運動員抗衡的關鍵。
曹碩是繼李延熙之后,河北省培養的又一名優秀的三級跳遠運動員。在2009年全國田徑錦標賽中,年僅17歲的他以17.13 m的成績獲得冠軍,成為在17歲就突破17 m大關的第一人。……