劉麗娜 李俊杰



摘要:體育競爭力是評價地區體育發展水平、持續獲利能力及滿足群眾體育服務需求的重要標準。通過整體評價東中西部地區體育競爭力現狀發現,東部地區體育競爭力顯著優于中部和西部地區。進一步運用主成分及聚類分析法揭示體育競爭力強弱和類型劃分,結果表明,省域間體育競爭力存在較大異質性:廣東、山東的體育競爭力處于絕對優勢區;江蘇、北京、上海、浙江處于相對優勢區;遼寧、天津、福建、四川、湖北等9省(市)處于相對劣勢區;海南、吉林、重慶、西藏等11個省(市、區)則處于絕對劣勢區。基于研究結論從緊抓政策、彰顯優勢、加大投入、發揮院校作用等方面提出提升體育競爭力的對策建議。
關鍵詞:省域視角;東中西部地區;體育競爭力;評價比較
中圖分類號:G80-058 文獻標識碼:A 文章編號:1006-2076(2015)01-0019-06
Abstract:Sports competitiveness is an important criterion to evaluate regional sports development level and sustained profitability and meet the demand of mass sports service. Through the overall evaluation of sports competitiveness situation between eastern, middle and western regions, the research finds that sports competitiveness in eastern regions significantly better than that of the middle and western regions. Further more, the article reveals sports competitive strength and classification using principal components and cluster analysis methods. The results show that the sports competitiveness between provinces (municipalities) have considerable heterogeneity; Guangdong and Shandong are absolute advantage areas; Jiangsu, Beijing, Shanghai and Zhejiang are relative advantage areas; 9 provinces (municipalities), including Liaoning, Tianjin, Fujian, Sichuan, Hubei, belong to relative disadvantage areas; and 11 provinces including Hainan, Jilin, Chongqing, Tibet (municipalities, autonomous regions) are absolute inferiority areas. Finally, relevant recommendations such as clinging to policies, revealing advantages, increasing investments and playing a main role of institutions based on conclusions are proposed accordingly to promote the sports competitiveness.
Key words:provincial perspective; eastern, middle and western regions; sports competitiveness; evaluation and comparison
北京奧運會成功舉辦后,中國體育發展站在了一個新的歷史起點上,競技體育、社會體育及學校體育均取得較大成效,體育產業帶動體育經濟的繁榮發展已經成為各省加快結構轉型、提升體育競爭力、鞏固經濟成果的關鍵環節。2014年9月召開的國務院常務會議明確部署加快發展體育產業,培育新的經濟增長點,促進體育消費,推動大眾健身。體育是現代社會生活的重要組成部分,競爭是體育的標志性特征,體育競爭力則成為評價地區體育發展水平、持續獲利能力及滿足群眾體育服務需求的重要標準。如何加快貫徹落實體育政策、靈活配置體育資源、增強區域體育競爭力已經成為各省(市、區)迫切需要解決的關鍵問題。……