朱瑞斐 許莎莎
[摘要] 目的 探討急性心肌梗死患者介入治療的有效臨床護(hù)理措施。 方法 選擇2011年1月~2012年12月我院收治的擇期行PCI術(shù)的急性心肌梗死患者76例,將患者隨機(jī)分為觀察組42例、對照組34例,對照組患者行常規(guī)的護(hù)理模式,觀察組患者在常規(guī)護(hù)理的基礎(chǔ)上行臨床有效干預(yù)護(hù)理,比較兩組患者干預(yù)前后焦慮、抑郁評分以及患者常見并發(fā)癥的發(fā)生率。 結(jié)果 干預(yù)后觀察組患者的焦慮評分(SAS)以及抑郁評分(SDS)與干預(yù)前、干預(yù)后對照組比較均顯著降低(P<0.05);觀察組心律失常的發(fā)生率顯著低于對照組(P<0.05)。 結(jié)論 有效的臨床護(hù)理措施能夠顯著降低患者的心理抑郁以及焦慮,同時(shí)能夠有效降低心肌梗死的并發(fā)癥發(fā)生率,值得臨床上推廣使用。
[關(guān)鍵詞] 急性心肌梗死;介入治療;護(hù)理
[中圖分類號] R473.5 [文獻(xiàn)標(biāo)識(shí)碼] B [文章編號] 1673-9701(2014)11-0079-03
[Abstract] Objective To explore the effective clinical nursing intervention in patients with acute myocardial infarction. Methods A total of 76 cases of patients with acute myocardial infarction undergoing PCI operation from January 2011 to December 2012 in our hospital were selected and randomly divided into observation group of 42 cases and control group of 34 cases. The control group was treated with conventional nursing mode, and the observation group patients were clinically effective nursing intervention on the basis of routine nursing. Anxiety, depression scores and the incidence of complications were compared between the two groups. Results Intervention in the observation group (SAS) score of anxiety and depression score (SDS) were significantly decreased (P<0.05); The occurrence of arrhythmia of the observation group was significantly lower than that of control group (P<0.05). Conclusion The clinical effective nursing measures can reduce the psychological depression and anxiety of patients, and can effectively reduce the incidence of complications of myocardial infarction, so it is worthy of clinical use.
[Key words] Acute myocardial infarction; Intervention; Care
急性心肌梗死(AMI)發(fā)病原因是由于冠狀動(dòng)脈發(fā)生閉死,使得血流中斷,導(dǎo)致閉死冠狀灌注區(qū)心肌發(fā)生持久而嚴(yán)重的缺氧、缺血而造成局部壞死[1,2]。在臨床上,患者的主要表現(xiàn)有心前區(qū)針刺樣疼痛、血壓下降、呼吸急促、心悸、心率加快等,若對其治療及護(hù)理不當(dāng),嚴(yán)重者將威脅到患者的生命安全。經(jīng)皮冠狀動(dòng)脈介入治療術(shù)(PCI)現(xiàn)已成為臨床治療AMI的重要手段之一,它是使用導(dǎo)管技術(shù)以疏通患者狹窄甚至閉死的冠狀動(dòng)脈管腔,進(jìn)而使患者的心肌血流灌注得到改善[3]。而對行PCI術(shù)患者有效的臨床護(hù)理措施,直接影響到手術(shù)的成功與否,同時(shí)也是減少并發(fā)癥的關(guān)鍵因素之一。本研究探討急性心肌梗死患者介入治療的有效臨床護(hù)理措施,現(xiàn)報(bào)道如下。
1 資料與方法
1.1 臨床資料
選擇2011年1月~2012年12月我院收治的急性心肌梗死患者76例,所有患者均擇期行PCI術(shù),介入途徑大多是橈動(dòng)脈穿刺,少數(shù)為股動(dòng)脈穿刺。……