鄭少濤 李新桂 林喜容
[摘要] 目的 探討醒腦靜與納洛酮治療重型顱腦損傷后遷延性昏迷患者的療效。 方法 分析我院2011年1月~2013年1月收治的76例重型顱腦損傷后遷延性昏迷患者,隨機分為對照組36例、治療組40例。兩組均給予常規治療,對照組在此基礎上加用納洛酮,治療組在此基礎上加用醒腦靜。比較兩組臨床療效、生命體征、格拉斯哥昏迷量表(GCS)評分、遠期生活質量評估量表(KPS)評分的變化。 結果 對照組與治療組臨床總有效率分別為58.4%與82.5%,對照組呼吸系統與心血管系統異常發生率顯著高于治療組,對照組GCS評分與KPS評分均顯著低于治療組,兩組比較差異均有統計學意義(P < 0.05)。 結論 醒腦靜與納洛酮比較,在提高重型顱腦損傷后遷延性昏迷患者的臨床治療治愈率、減少呼吸及心腦血管事件的發生率及改善GCS評分與KPS評分均具有顯著性意義,具有臨床應用推廣的價值。
[關鍵詞] 重型顱腦損傷;遷延性昏迷;醒腦靜;納洛酮
[中圖分類號] R651.1+5 [文獻標識碼] B [文章編號] 1673-9701(2014)11-0045-03
[Abstract] Objective To explore the effect of naloxone and Xingnaojing in the treatment of patients with persisting coma after severe craniocerebral injury. Methods A total of 76 patients of persisting coma after severe craniocerebral trauma of our hospital from January 2011 to January 2013 were analyzed and divided into the control group(36 cases),which used naloxone based on the conventional treatment, and the treatment group(40 cases), which used Xingnaojing injection based on the conventional treatment. The clinical curative effect, vital signs, Glasgow Coma Scale (GCS) score, the changes of long term quality of life assessment scale (KPS) score of two groups were compared. Results The total clinical effective rates of two groups were 58.4% and 82.5%. The respiratory and cardiovascular system abnormal rates of the control group were significantly higher than that in the treatment group. The GCS score and KPS score of control group were significantly lower than the treatment group. The comparison between two groups was statistically significant(P < 0.05). Conclusion Xingnaojing can improve the clinical treatment of patients with persisting coma after severe craniocerebral injury compared with naloxone, reduce the incidence of respiratory and cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases, improve the GCS score and KPS score significantly and it is worthy of clinical application.
[Key words] Severe craniocerebral injury; Persistent coma; Xingnaojing injection; Naloxone
重型顱腦損傷為神經外科常見急危癥狀,重型顱腦損傷出現遷延性昏迷是指患者出現重癥顱腦損傷后大腦缺氧致大腦皮層廣泛性損害,而致長時間昏迷或無意識障礙狀態[1]。醒腦靜與納洛酮均能顯著改善患者癥狀,本研究探討兩者在治療重型顱腦損傷后遷延性昏迷患者的療效。
1 資料與方法
1.1 一般資料
我院2011年1月~2013年1月收治76例重型顱腦損傷后遷延性昏迷患者,隨機分為對照組36例、治療組40例,入院后均行頭顱CT檢查診斷為重型閉合或開放性顱腦損傷,其中男51例,女25例;年齡22~77歲,平均(46.1±2.7)歲。格拉斯哥昏迷量表(GCS)評分4~8分,平均(6.4±0.3)分;昏迷時間2~12 h,平均(8.7±0.5)h。其中彌漫性軸索損傷51例,原發性腦干傷25例;手術治療62例,非手術治療14例。……