
Effects and mechanisms of Yin Yang 1 on the proliferation and migration of bladder cancer cells
JI Meng1 ,TU Sheng2,WANG Gang?,QIAN Kaiyu3,XIAO Yu3.4
(1.Department of Laboratory Medicine,2.Department of Urology,3.Department of Biological Repositories, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University,Wuhan 430071;4.Human Genetic Resources Preservation Center of Hubei Province,Wuhan 430071,China)
ABSTRACT:ObjectiveTo explore the effects of Yin Yang 1(YYl)on the proliferationand migration of blader cancer cells and investigate the underlying mechanisms,soas toprovidereference forthe preventionandtreatmentof this disease. MethodsThe expression patterns of YY1 incommon genitourinary tumors and their asociations with the prognosis were analyzed using data from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA)and the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO).The eficiency of YY1 knockdown and overexpresion in bladdercancercellines(T24and UM-UC-3)wasconfirmed withquantitativereverse transcription PCR(qRT-PCR)and Westernblotig.Cellproliferation andmigration wereasessedusing methylthiazolyldiphenyl-tetrazolium bromide(MTT)andTranswellasays.RNA sequencing followedbybioinformatics analyses,including GeneOntology(GO),Kyoto Encyclopediaof Genes and Genomes(KEGG),and Gene SetEnrichment Analysis (GSEA),was conducted to predict potential mechanisms.TheqRT-PCR and rescue experiments were performed to validate whether YY1 exerted its effects via theE2F1signaling pathway.ResultsYYl wassignificantlyoverexpresed in bladdercancer compared toother genitourinary tumors and was associated with higher tumorgradeand poorerprognosis( Plt; 0.05).Functional assys demonstratedthatYYlpromoted the proliferationandmigration of bladdercancer cels. Transcriptome analyses revealed that YYl might regulate these processs through the E2F signaling pathway.Moreover, overexpresionofE2Flpartiallyreversedthe inhibitory effectsofYY1knockdownon bladdercancercell proliferationand migration.ConclusionYYlis upregulated in bladdercancer and is closely assciated with tumor gradeandunfavorable prognosis.It may facilitate tumor cellproliferation and migration by modulating the E2F1 signaling pathway.
KEY WORDS: bladder cancer;Yin Yang 1;proliferation;migration
中圖分類號:R737.14 文獻標志碼:A
DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1009-8291.2025.08.012
膀胱癌是最常見的泌尿系統惡性腫瘤之一,根據世界衛生組織預測,至2040年,膀胱癌的全球年新發病例預計將達到120萬例,給社會帶來巨大醫療負擔[1。根據腫瘤浸潤深度,膀胱癌可分為非肌層浸潤性膀胱 癌(non-muscle invasive bladder cancer,NMIBC)和肌層浸潤性膀胱癌(muscleinvasivebladdercancer,MIBC)。在初次就診時,約 3/4 的患者為NMIBC,其余為MIBC,NMIBC易復發或進展,5年復發率和進展率分別為 31%~78% 和 1%~ 45% ,而MIBC患者的5年生存率僅為 20%~ 40%[2] 。膀胱癌治療方式的選擇主要依據病程及腫瘤進展情況,包括手術、放療、化療、免疫及靶向治療等[3]。不同患者對各類療法的響應性和耐受性差異較大,療效不穩定,且部分患者在治療后迅速復發。卡介苗(bacillecalmette-guérin,BCG)灌注是NMIBC的標準治療方案之一,但是在改善預后的前提下,可能會伴隨泌尿系統炎癥等不良反應[4]。在順鉑-吉西他濱聯合的新輔助化療方案中,MIBC患者病理完全緩解率約為 38% ,但多數患者在后續治療過程中產生耐藥性,或出現嚴重不良反應[5-6]。因此,探索膀胱癌發生發展新機制和精準靶向治療新策略,對于提高膀胱癌治療效果具有重要意義。
在腫瘤的發生發展過程中,細胞增殖失控、侵襲性增強等特征與調控轉錄和細胞信號轉導的關鍵分子密切相關[7]。陰陽蛋白1(Yin Yang1,YY1)是一種廣泛存在的轉錄因子,屬于GLI-Kruppel鋅指蛋白家族,因其N-末端存在激活結構域、C-末端存在抑制結構域而具有激活或抑制基因表達的雙重作用。YY1可通過轉錄激活Snail或抑制E-鈣黏蛋白來影響腫瘤細胞的轉移能力[8]。既往報道證實,YY1在多種癌癥中高表達,如乳腺癌、卵巢癌、腦腫瘤、骨肉瘤、食管癌、胰腺癌等,并與腫瘤的進展密切相關[9-15]。……