中圖分類號:F272.92 文獻標志碼:A
\"To learn from others\" or \"to lie flat\"? The impact of coworkers' approach job crafting on employees' job crafting
NI Xudong, MAO Xiao (School of Economics and Management, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou 31oo18,China)
Abstract: The paper, based on the social comparison theory,aims to explore the impact of coworkers' approach job crafting on employee approach/avoidance job crafting, as well as the mediating role of employee challenge/hindrance stress perception and the moderating role of trust in coworkers.The results of three-time point matching questionnaire with a sample of 362 employees show that: coworkers' approach job crafting positively affects employees' approach job crafting by stimulating employees' challenge stress perception; trust in coworkers positively moderates the relationship between coworkers' approach job crafting and employees'chalenge stress perception. Coworkers' approach job crafting positively afects employees' avoidance job crafting by stimulating employees' hindrance stress perception; trust in coworkers negatively moderates the relationship between coworkers' approach job crafting and employees' hindrance stress perception. The study reveals the specific mechanisms through which coworkers' approach job crafting afects employees’ job crafting,and explores how to facilitate the transfer of such behaviors among employees, providing practical suggestions for enterprises.
Key words: coworkers' approach job crafting; job crafting; stress perception; trust in coworkerssocial comparison theory
隨著現代社會的快速發展,工作變得更加動態和模糊,角色、任務和項目不斷發生變化[1]。因此,組織越來越依賴員工的主動性來適應不確定和動態的環境[1]。而工作重塑作為一種主動、自下而上的個性化工作設計策略2,在當今的企業競爭中具有重要作用,近年來也引起了很大的學術興趣。以往關于工作重塑的研究主要集中在個人工作重塑對其自身結果產生的影響,例如工作重塑可以提高工作滿意度[3]、工作投入[4]、人—職契合度[5和工作績效[6]。然而,在目前團隊化的工作背景下,工作日益呈現出群體化的趨勢,團隊成員間的動態協作更加緊密,互動更為頻繁。因此,有必要探討工作重塑對同事的影響,以及同事對工作重塑的反應,然而這方面的研究仍處于探索階段。鑒于此,本研究探討同事之間工作重塑行為的傳遞效應。考慮到工作重塑作為一種主動性行為,涉及改變工作的要求和資源,這可能對同事的工作要求和資源也產生影響[。尤其在當前社會背景下,“內卷\"盛行,員工工作重塑中的趨近型工作重塑往往表現為員工在工作中努力尋求改進、成長的行為和態度,更容易被同事觀察和感知。當員工察覺到同事進行趨近型工作重塑時,他們會對其進行評估并作出反應,產生積極或消極的行為,并可能采取趨近型工作重塑行為或回避型工作重塑行為。
為了解讀員工這種不同的行為策略,本研究采用社會比較理論,引入挑戰性壓力感知和阻礙性壓力感知作為解釋機制?!?br>