中圖分類號:I206.6 文獻標志碼:A 文章編號:1673-3851(2025)04-0155-08
Abstract:The theory of life in modern literary theory was born in the wave of the literary revolution in the early
century. On the basis of inheriting the spirit of ancient traditional literary theory,the theory of life absorbed some of the literary ideas of modern European and American literary theory as well as Japanese literary theory,provided an in-depth interpretation of the relationship between literature and life, and showcased the characteristics of integration throughout the world over time,which was reflected in the literary monographs of the period of the Republic of China. The theory of life provided methodological guidance for literary creation at the time,further standardizing the fledgling modern Chinese literary system. As time goes on, the theory is being constantly updated, providing reference and inspiration for the construction of contemporary literary theory.
Key words: theory of life;Chinese traditional literary theory;modern Chinese literary theory; the monographs of literary theory;an introduction to literature
發端于1917年的文學革命在文學界倡導“破舊立新”。先進的知識分子群體在沖擊傳統舊文學體系的同時,大量傳播并譯介海外文藝理論,為中國現代文論的建構提供了重要參考,使其呈現出全新的發展態勢。周作人曾在《中國新文學大系·散文》[1]的導言中對該時期“新散文”蓬勃發展的緣由進行了闡述:“(新散文的發達與成功)有兩重的因緣,一是外援,一是內應。外援即是西洋的科學哲學與文學上的新思想之影響,內應即是歷史的言志派文藝運動之復興。\"民國時期的文學理論亦是如此,正是在“外援\"與“內應\"的碰撞融合中,在繼承古代傳統文論精神以及汲取近代歐美及日本文論內容的基礎上,結合中國社會實際不斷完善,并逐步完成了現代化轉型。無論是國內蓬勃興起的文學革命浪潮,還是從國外引進的文藝理論專著,都對文學與人生的關系問題展開了深人探討。文學革命推動新文學迅速發展,并將其視為改造人生與社會的重要工具。毛慶耆等[2]55認為:相對于舊文學,新文學的“新\"主要體現文學價值觀念上方面;新文學的形式并非對外國文學的簡單復制,而是仍然會以具有中國本土特色的民族語言作為媒介手段。新文學與古代傳統文學最重要的差異在于,新文學的種種觀念是由外來文學理論與中國社會的現實需要相結合而產生的,相比傳統文學,新文學更加強調文學對人生與社會的改造意義,該特征自然在深受新文學影響的民國文論專著中有所反映。……