





摘要 為保證丘陵地區(qū)秧苗實時移栽,提高移栽質(zhì)量,闡述一種吊籃式自走移栽機行走裝置和移栽機構(gòu)的結(jié)構(gòu)及工作原理。通過分析計算及1∶1的建模,驗證行走裝置的工作速度和結(jié)構(gòu)布局形式,以及移栽機構(gòu)各動作的協(xié)調(diào)性及栽苗質(zhì)量。根據(jù)建模分析的結(jié)果,確定設(shè)計的主要參數(shù),從而設(shè)計出行走機構(gòu)裝置主要部件輪架機構(gòu)、主驅(qū)動變速箱機構(gòu)、機架、升降機構(gòu)、水平調(diào)節(jié)機構(gòu)及控制裝置等,移栽機構(gòu)主要部件移栽變速箱機構(gòu)、株距調(diào)節(jié)機構(gòu)、曲柄連桿機構(gòu)、鴨嘴移栽器、自動喂料機構(gòu)等。通過樣機試制和試驗,結(jié)果表明:該機具可完成移栽株距(260~600 mm)、移栽深度(80~160 mm)可調(diào)的目標,工作效率高,同時具有結(jié)構(gòu)合理緊湊、維護方便、操作簡單等優(yōu)點。
關(guān)鍵詞 吊籃;移栽機;曲柄多連桿機構(gòu);水平調(diào)節(jié)機構(gòu);鴨嘴
中圖分類號 S 223 文獻標識碼 A 文章編號 0517-6611(2024)20-0186-04
doi:10.3969/j.issn.0517-6611.2024.20.045
開放科學(資源服務(wù))標識碼(OSID):
Design of a Hanging Basket Type Self-propelled Transplanter
ZHANG Gui-ming, CHAO Shu-juan, YAN Ya-min
(Xuchang Vocational Technical College, Xuchang, Henan 461000)
Abstract To ensure real-time transplanting of seedlings in hilly areas and improve the quality of transplanting, this paper elaborates on the working principle and structure of a basket type self-propelled transplanting machine’s walking device and transplanting mechanism. Verify the working speed and structural layout of the walking device through analysis, calculation, and 1:1 modeling, and verify the coordination of various actions of the transplanting mechanism and the quality of the seedlings. Based on the results of modeling analysis, the main parameters of the design are determined, and the main components of the walking mechanism device—wheel frame mechanism, main drive gearbox mechanism, frame, lifting mechanism, horizontal adjustment mechanism and control device are designed. The main components of the transplanting mechanism—transplanting gearbox mechanism, plant spacing adjustment mechanism, crank connecting rod mechanism, duckbill transplanting device, automatic feeding mechanism, etc. are designed. Through prototype trial production and experiments, this machine can achieve the goals of adjustable transplanting spacing (260-600 mm), transplanting depth (80-160 mm), and high efficiency. At the same time, it has the advantages of reasonable and compact structure, convenient maintenance and simple operation.
Key words Hanging basket;Transplanter;Crank multi-link mechanism;Horizontal adjustment mechanism;Duckbill
移栽是指把在大棚中集中育好的秧苗根據(jù)時節(jié)適時栽植到大田中[1]。丘陵地區(qū)灌溉條件差,在無雨季節(jié)易干旱,不利于播種及秧苗生長。過去人們只有等著雨季的到來才能播種,但往往會錯過作物的最佳播種時期,造成作物產(chǎn)量降低。如果采用秧苗移栽,這個時期可以在大棚中采用工廠化育苗的方式集中育苗,等雨季到來時就可以在田間大面積移栽,縮短秧苗在田間的生長時間,充分利用雨季來促進秧苗的生長,提高農(nóng)作物的產(chǎn)量和質(zhì)量[2]。為了提高丘陵地區(qū)秧苗移栽效率,抓……