重慶市合川區消落帶植被特征研究

摘要 采用分層取樣法對合川區消落帶植被進行實地調研，結果表明：合川區消落帶植物有296種，涵蓋了77科205屬，以禾本科和菊科為主；草本植物占比82.77%，在調研植被中占主導地位；消落帶人工干預相對較少，野生植物占比達85.81%，成為主要來源；外來入侵植物的風險相對較小，仍需要加強監測和關注；雙穗雀稗、棒頭草、野古草等被確定為優勢種，在不同高程帶均有相應代表性的植物群落。最后，結合調研數據和分析，提出了消落帶植物配置建議。

關鍵詞 消落帶；植被特征；植物配置；重慶市合川區

中圖分類號 X 173 文獻標識碼 A

文章編號 0517-6611（2024）20-0100-04

doi：10.3969/j.issn.0517-6611.2024.20.024

開放科學（資源服務）標識碼（OSID）：

Study on Vegetation Characteristics of the Water-level Fluctuation Zone in Hechuan District， Chongqing

DU Kai-wei SHU Cheng-ji2，JIANG Zi-yi1

（1.School of Architecture and Design，Chongqing College of Humanities and Technology，Chongqing 401524;2.Ecological Environment Research Center of the Chinese Academy of Sciences， State Key Laboratory of Urban and Regional Ecology， Beijing 100085）

Abstract The field survey of vegetation in the water-level fluctuation zone of Hechuan District was conducted using stratified sampling method， the results showed that the water-level fluctuation zone in Hechuan District harbored 296 plant species， spanning 77 families and 205 genera， with Poaceae and Asteraceae being predominant; herbaceous plants constituted a substantial 82.77%， establishing their dominance in the surveyed vegetation.Human intervention in the water-level fluctuation zone was relatively limited， with wild plants accounting for an impressive 85.81%， emerging as the primary contributors to the vegetation. The overall risk of invasive alien species was relatively low， but continuous monitoring and attention were deemed necessary. Dominant species such as Setaria viridis， Echinochloa crusgalli and Eleusine indica were identified， displaying representative plant communities across different elevation zones.In conclusion， based on the research data and analysis， this study proposed recommendations for the vegetation configuration within the water-level fluctuation zone.

Key words Water-level fluctuation zone;Vegetation characteristic;Plant allocation;Hechuan District，Chongqing

消落帶是指水庫、江河和湖泊等水體季節性漲落，使水陸銜接地帶的土地被周期性淹沒和出露成陸而形成的干濕交替地帶［1］。消落帶植物在維護消落帶生態平衡、凈化水質、防洪減災以及提供生態景觀等方面發揮著至關重要的作用，植被的保護和合理利用對于促進區域生態環境改善和提升生態景觀至關重要。重慶市合川區位于嘉陵江、涪江和渠江三江匯合之處，擁有豐富的消落帶資源，目前對其植被特征的研究尚未形成系統的認知和深入的分析。該研究以合川區消落帶植被為研究對象，結合消落帶生境的特點，通過實地調研和深入分析相關資料，探究合川區消落帶植物的組成、生活型、來源、優勢種等基本狀況，旨在全面了解合川區消落帶植物的種類及種群特征，從而為消落帶植被的保護及景觀提升設計提供科學支撐。……