



摘要 通過小區試驗,設置噴施腐殖酸水溶肥(TF)、清水(TW)和無噴施的常規施肥(CK)3個處理,研究噴施腐殖酸水溶肥對蘆筍生長、產量、營養成分和經濟效益的影響。結果表明,TF對蘆筍嫩莖生物學性狀(單株莖數、長度、莖粗、質量)的影響顯著優于TW和CK。TF比TW和CK顯著增加了蘆筍產量(P<0.05),增幅分別為9.5%和13.1%。TF比CK顯著增加了蘆筍嫩莖的總黃酮、皂苷和多糖含量(P<0.05),增幅分別為 6.8%、2.9%和15.1%。但3個處理蘆筍嫩莖的氨基酸含量差異不顯著(P>0.05)。TF比TW和CK增加了蘆筍的凈經濟效益,增幅分別為9 966和12 552元/hm2。因此,蘆筍噴施腐殖酸水溶肥值得進一步推廣應用。
關鍵詞 腐植酸水溶肥;蘆筍;產量;營養成分;經濟效益
中圖分類號 S626;S644.6 文獻標識碼 A 文章編號 0517-6611(2024)17-0164-03
doi:10.3969/j.issn.0517-6611.2024.17.038
Effects of Humic Acid Water-soluble Fertilizer on Growth, Yield and Nutrient Content of Asparagus
LI Ruo-qing
(Agriculture and Rural Bureau in Xuanzhou District, Xuancheng City, Xuancheng, Anhui 242000)
Abstract Three treatments of sprayed humic acid water-soluble fertilizer (TF), fresh water (TW) and conventional fertilization without spraying (CK) were set up in a plot experiment to study the effects of spraying humic acid water-soluble fertilizer on the growth, yield, nutrient contents and economic benefits of asparagus. The results showed that TF was significantly superior to TW and CK in terms of the biological characteristics of asparagus stems (number of stems per plant, length, stem thickness and mass). TF increased significantly asparagus yield by 9.5% and 13.1% compared with TW and CK (P<0.05), respectively. TF significantly (P<0.05) increased the total flavonoids, saponins and polysaccharides contents of asparagus shoots by 6.8%, 2.9% and 15.1%, respectively, compared with CK. However, the amino acid content of asparagus shoots from the three treatments did not differ significantly (P>0.05). TF increased the net economic benefits of asparagus by 9 966 and 12 552 yuan/hm2 compared with TW and CK, respectively.Therefore, spraying humic acid water-soluble fertilizer on asparagus is worth further popularization and application.
Key words Humic acid water-soluble fertilizer; Asparagus;Yield; Nutrient content;Economic benefit
作者簡介 李若清(1971—),男,安徽宣城人,高級農藝師,從事植物營養及肥料研究。
收稿日期 2023-10-17
蘆筍學名石刁柏,是天門冬科天門冬屬多年生草本植物,一次栽種可連續采收10~15年[1-2]。蘆筍地上部位的嫩莖可食用,富含多種營養成分且具有保健功能,是一種藥食同源的蔬菜,含有蛋白質、氨基酸、維生素、黃酮類化合物等多種人體所需物質,對抗疲勞、防治癌癥、增強人體免疫力等方面具有良好功效[3-6]。
我國從19世紀末才引入種植蘆筍,對其研究時間相對短,但發展迅速,目前我國蘆筍面積為10萬hm2,種植面積、產量和出口量均居世界首位[7-10]。宣州區2010年開始試驗種植露地綠蘆筍,試種成功后,2012年開始采用大棚避雨方法和促成方法栽培綠蘆筍,逐漸發展規模化設施蘆筍種植[6]。2020 年宣州區大棚蘆筍……