景感生態學在洱海東岸生態系統保護與修復中的應用研究

摘要 洱海東岸惡劣的立地條件和嚴峻的生態環境狀況，嚴重威脅著洱海流域的生態安全。從流域系統層面出發，綜合性開展洱海東岸生態系統保護與修復是完善洱海流域山水林田湖草沙綜合治理體系的現實需要。景感生態學是研究生態系統服務和可持續發展的有效途徑，可從生態系統整體解決生態環境綜合治理的難點或關鍵問題。根據洱海東岸25個生態系統脆弱點的現狀及問題特征，應用景感生態學的理論與方法，從湖濱生態帶修復、森林生態修復、非煤廢棄礦山修復、生態農業綠色發展等方面構建洱海東岸生態系統保護與修復系統治理工程，為洱海東岸生態環境持續改善奠定基礎，實現洱海流域生態系統良性循環及山水林田湖草沙生命共同體整體保護。

關鍵詞 生態系統保護與修復；景感生態學；洱海東岸

中圖分類號 X171.4 文獻標識碼 A 文章編號 0517-6611（2024）17-0076-05

doi：10.3969/j.issn.0517-6611.2024.17.016

Application of Landsenses Ecology in the Protection and Restoration of Ecosystem on the East Bank of Erhai Lake

YIN Yi-fan1， HU Duo-cai2， YU Jing-ke3

（1. Faculty of Geography， Yunnan Normal University， Kunming， Yunnan 650500; 2. Southwest Survey and Planning Institute of National Forestry and Grassland Administration， Kunming， Yunnan 650031; 3. Institute of Land Resources and Sustainable Development， Yunnan University of Finance and Economics， Kunming， Yunnan 650221）

Abstract The bad site condition and severe ecological environment condition on the east bank of Erhai Lake seriously threaten the ecological security of the basin. From the level of watershed system， it is necessary to improve the comprehensive management system of full-array ecosystems （mountain-river-forest-farmland-lake-grassland-sandsland） in the Erhai valley to carry out comprehensive protection and restoration of the ecosystem on the east bank of Erhai Lake. Landsenses ecology is an effective way to study ecosystem services and sustainable development and to solve the difficulties or key problems in the integrated management of ecological environment from the whole ecosystem. Based on the status and problem characteristics of 25 fragile sites of ecosystem on the east bank of Erhai Lake， this study applies the theory and method of landscape sense ecology to construct the ecological system protection and restoration management project of the east bank of Erhai Lake from the aspects of lakeside ecological zone restoration， forest ecological restoration， non-coal abandoned mine restoration， ecological agriculture green development， etc. It provides the basis for the continuous improvement of the ecological environment on the east bank of Erhai Lake， and realizes the virtuous cycle of the ecological system of Erhai Lake and the overall protection of the life community of full-array ecosystems（mountain-river-forest-farmland-lake-grassland-sandsland）.

Key words Ecosystem protection and restoration;Landsenses ecology;The east bank of Erhai Lake

基金項目 大理洱海東部面山生態修復國家長期科研基地項目（2020132559）。

作者簡介 尹一帆（1985—），女，云南昆明人，講師，在讀博士，從事景觀過程與調控研究。

收稿日期 2023-09-22

黨的十八大以來，黨中央將生態文明建設納入“五位一體”總體布局中，從生態文明建設整體視角提出統籌山水林田湖草沙治理體系［1］。黨的二十大為當前和今后一個時期生態文明建設指明了方向，進一步強調應堅持統籌山水林田湖草沙一體化保護和系統治理，多舉措持續推進重要生態系統保護和修復重大工程［2］。……