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關鍵詞 廣西;馬鈴薯;減施肥;性狀指標;生理指標
中圖分類號 S532 文獻標識碼 A 文章編號 0517-6611(2024)17-0034-08
doi:10.3969/j.issn.0517-6611.2024.17.008
Screening of Winter Potato Varieties for Guangxi Under Low Fertilizer
SHI Da-jin,L Ju-zhi,TANG Guo-rong et al
(Maize Research Institute,Guangxi Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Nanning,Guangxi 530007)
Abstract This study took 10 potato varieties in Guangxi as the research object,and compared the agronomic characters of each potato,such as plant height,stem diameter,yield,number of tubers per plant,commercial potato rate and protein content,starch content and other variety characters under the condition of conventional fertilization and 20% reduction of fertilization.The plant height,stem diameter,fresh weight above ground and yield of all potato varieties were inhibited under the condition of 20% reduction in fertilization.Among them,Jingshu 6 and Longshu 7 reduced their yields more than 35%,Lishu 6 and 03-3-2 by about 28%,No.12,Guinongshu 1,Yunshu 107 and Huishu 8 by about 15%,and Huishu 16 and Feiwuruita by about 10%.No.12 and Guinongshu 1 had the higher yield under the condition of reducing fertilizer,and were more suitable for planting under the condition of reducing fertilizer in Guangxi.
Key words Guangxi;Potato;Reduced fertilization;Character index;Physiological index
基金項目 公益性行業(農業)科研專項經費項目 (20150312713)。
作者簡介 石達金(1962—),男,廣西南寧人,副研究員,從事作物高產栽培技術與生理生化研究。通信作者,研究員,碩士,從事土壤與農作物毒性殘留及品質分析研究。
收稿日期 2023-07-28
馬鈴薯作為繼水稻、玉米、小麥之后的第四大主糧作物,在保障我國糧食安全、穩定地區經濟發展和提高種植農戶的收入方面具有重要作用[1]。我國農業農村部在不擠壓三大主糧種植區域的前提下[2],有效利用南方各地閑田,將馬鈴薯的種植面積擴展至1 000萬hm2,對于解決我國目前面臨的糧食安全問題將起到極大的推動作用[3]。
目前廣西冬種馬鈴薯的化肥量使用普遍偏大,特別是復合肥,還有較大的節藥空間。開展節肥關鍵技術研究,在不減產前提下減少肥料投入,提高肥料利用效率,降低生產成本,提高經濟效益,改善生態環境。……