








【摘要】 背景 腦卒中作為一種重大慢性非傳染性疾病嚴重影響國民健康,給患者、家庭和社會造成沉重負擔。飲酒現象在我國普遍存在,酒精攝入與腦卒中發病之間存在密切關系,但酒精攝入劑量和腦卒中發病關系仍存有爭議。目的 探討酒精攝入量與腦卒中發病風險的關系。方法 計算機檢索PubMed、Web of Science、Cochrane Library、Embase、中國知網、維普網、萬方數據知識服務平臺和中國生物醫學文獻數據庫,收集關于酒精與腦卒中發病風險的前瞻性隊列研究,檢索時限均為建庫至2023年12月。文獻篩選、數據提取、文獻質量評價由2位研究者獨立進行。應用Stata/MP 17.0軟件進行劑量反應Meta分析。結果 共納入16篇文獻,共548 595例研究對象。Meta分析結果顯示,酒精攝入與腦卒中發病風險相關(RR=1.17,95%CI=1.10~1.26,Plt;0.05)。亞組分析結果,每天酒精攝入lt;20 g腦卒中發病風險降低10%(RR=0.90,95%CI=0.85~0.95,Plt;0.05);酒精攝入gt;40 g腦卒中發病風險增加35%(RR=1.35,95%CI=1.23~1.49,Plt;0.05);酒精攝入出血性腦卒中風險增加49%(RR=1.49,95%CI=1.14~1.95,Plt;0.05),酒精攝入缺血性腦卒中風險增加20%(RR=1.20,95%CI=1.00~1.43,Plt;0.05);亞洲人群酒精攝入腦卒中發病風險增加27%(RR=1.27,95%CI=1.14~1.40,Plt;0.05);男性酒精攝入腦卒中風險增加19%(RR=1.19,95%CI=1.09~1.29,Plt;0.05)。劑量反應Meta分析結果,酒精攝入與腦卒中發病風險之間呈J型非線性關系(P=0.018),與從不飲酒者相比,飲酒者攝入酒精劑量的腦卒中相對風險比分別為1 g/d:RR=0.97,95%CI=0.96~0.98;2 g/d:RR=0.96,95%CI=0.94~0.97;3 g/d:RR=0.95,95%CI=0.93~0.97;4 g/d:RR=0.94,95%CI=0.91~0.96;5 g/d:RR=0.91,95%CI=0.88~0.94;6 g/d:RR=0.90,95%CI=0.86~0.93;7 g/d:RR=0.88,95%CI=0.84~0.92;8 g/d:RR=0.88,95%CI=0.83~0.92;9 g/d:RR=0.88,95%CI=0.83~0.92;10 g/d:RR=0.88,95%CI=0.83~0.93;11 g/d:RR=0.88,95%CI=0.83~0.93;12 g/d:RR=0.90,95%CI=0.85~0.95;13 g/d:RR=0.91,95%CI=0.85~0.95;14 g/d:RR=0.92,95%CI=0.86~0.95;15 g/d:RR=0.93,95%CI=0.86~0.96;16 g/d:RR=0.95,95%CI=0.88~0.96;17 g/d:RR=0.96,95%CI=0.88~0.97;18 g/d:RR=0.98,95%CI=0.89~0.97;19 g/d:RR=0.98,95%CI=0.89~0.98;20 g/d:RR=0.99,95%CI=0.90~0.99。飲酒者平均每天酒精攝入量lt;20 g表現為腦卒中發病風險降低(Plt;0.001)。結論 酒精攝入量與腦卒中風險間具有J型非線性的劑量反應關系,適量酒精攝入與腦卒中風險呈負相關,平均每天酒精攝入7~11 g時腦卒中風險最低。
【關鍵詞】 腦卒中;酒精;Meta分析;劑量反應;前瞻性研究
【中圖分類號】 R 743 【文獻標識碼】 A DOI:10.12114/j.issn.1007-9572.2024.0043
Alcohol Intake and Risk of Stroke:a Dose-response Meta-analysis
HAN Xuemei1,ZHAO Chunshan1*,MEI Chunli1,CHEN Dan2
1.School of Nursing,Beihua University,Jilin 132013,China
2.Department of Neurology,Jilin Central Hospital,Jilin 132011,China
*Corresponding author:ZHAO Chunshan,Professor;E-mail:forchunshan@163.com
【Abstract】 Background Stroke,as a major chronic non-communicable disease,seriously affects the health of the nation and imposes a heavy burden on patients,families and society. Alcohol consumption is common in China,and there is a close relationship between alcohol intake and stroke incidence,but the relationship between alcohol intake and stroke incidence is still controversial. Objective To investigate the relationship between alcohol intake and risk of stroke. Methods PubMed,Web of Science,Cochrane Library,Embase,CNKI,VIP,Wanfang Data,and SinoMed were searched for prospective cohort studies on the relationship between alcohol intake and risk of stroke from inception to December 2023. Literature screening,data extraction,and literature quality evaluation were performed independently by 2 researchers. Stata/MP 17.0 was used for dose-response meta-analysis. Results A total of 16 papers with 548 595 study subjects were included. Meta-analysis results showed that alcohol intake was associated with the risk of stroke(RR=1.17,95%CI=1.10-1.26,Plt;0.05). The results of the subgroup analysis showed that the risk of stroke was increased by 10% for alcohol intake lt;20 g per day(RR=0.90,95%CI=0.85-0.95,Plt;0.05);alcohol intake gt;40 g increased the risk of stroke by 35%(RR=1.35,95%CI=1.23-1.49,Plt;0.05);alcohol intake increased the risk of hemorrhagic stroke by 49%(RR=1.49,95%CI=1.14-1.95,Plt;0.05),alcohol intake ischemic stroke risk increased by 20%(RR=1.20,95%CI=1.00-1.43,Plt;0.05);alcohol intake in Asian populations increased the risk of stroke incidence by 27%(RR=1.27,95%CI=1.14-1.40,Plt;0.05);intake alcohol in men increased the risk of stroke by 19%(RR=1.19,95%CI=1.09-1.29,Plt;0.05). Dose-response Meta-analysis showed a J-shaped nonlinear relationship between alcohol intake and risk of stroke(P=0.018),and the relative risk ratios of stroke for alcohol intake in drinkers compared with never-drinkers were 1 g/d:RR=0.97,95%CI=0.96-0.98;2 g/d:RR=0.96,95%CI=0.94-0.97;3 g/d:RR=0.95,95%CI=0.93-0.97;4 g/d:RR=0.94,95%CI=0.91-0.96;5 g/d:RR=0.91,95%CI=0.88-0.94;6 g/d:RR=0.90,95%CI=0.86-0.93;7 g/d:RR=0.88,95%CI=0.84-0.92;8 g/d:RR=0.88,95%CI=0.83-0.92;9 g/d:RR=0.88,95%CI=0.83-0.92;10 g/d:RR=0.88,95%CI=0.83-0.93;11 g/d:RR=0.88,95%CI=0.83-0.93;12 g/d:RR=0.90,95%CI=0.85-0.95;13 g/d:RR=0.91,95%CI=0.85-0.95;14 g/d:RR=0.92,95%CI=0.86-0.95;15 g/d:RR=0.93,95%CI=0.86-0.96;16 g/d :RR=0.95,95%CI=0.88-0.96;17 g/d:RR=0.96,95%CI=0.88-0.97;18 g/d:RR=0.98,95%CI=0.89-0.97;19 g/d:RR=0.98,95%CI=0.89-0.98;20 g/d:RR=0.99,95%CI=0.90-0.99,and drinkers with an average alcohol intake of lt;20 g per day showed a reduced risk of stroke(Plt;0.001). Conclusion There is a J-shaped nonlinear dose-response relationship between alcohol intake and the stroke risk,with moderate alcohol intake negatively associated with stroke risk. The risk of stroke is lowest with an average alcohol intake of 7-11 grams per day.
【Key words】 Stroke;Alcohol;Meta-analysis;Dose-response;Prospective study
腦卒中作為一種重大慢性非傳染性疾病嚴重影響國民健康,現已成為全球范圍內的公共衛生問題。全球疾病負擔研究(Global Burden of Disease Study,GBD)數據顯示,我國腦卒中現患病人數占據全球首位[1],每年新發腦卒中病例超過200萬,且每年以8.7%的速率迅速增長[2]。相關研究表明,2030年我國腦卒中的發生率將比2010年增加約50%[3],嚴重影響患者的生存質量,同時也給家庭和社會帶來沉重的醫療負擔和經濟損失[4]。研究發現,酒精攝入與腦卒中發病之間存在密切關系[5],酒精可以改善體內脂質組成、升高血液中高密度脂蛋白膽固醇水平、增加胰島素敏感性、降低血液中纖維蛋白原濃度[6-9],與腦卒中的發生密切相關[10]。目前,國內外多項研究表明,酒精攝入與腦卒中發病之間存在密切關系,但酒精攝入劑量和腦卒中發病風險之間的關系仍存有爭議[11-14]。因此,本研究旨在通過劑量反應Meta分析定量評估酒精攝入與腦卒中發病的關系,以期為臨床腦卒中防治策略提供參考。
1 資料與方法
1.1 文獻檢索策略
計算機檢索PubMed、Web of Science、Cochrane Library、Embase、中國知網、維普網、中國生物醫學文獻數據庫和萬方數據知識服務平臺,收集關于酒精與腦卒中發病風險的研究。檢索時限均為建庫至2023年12月。以“酒精”“飲酒”“腦卒中”“腦血管疾病”“前瞻性研究”等為中文檢索詞;以“Alcohols”“Ethanol”“Drink”“Stroke”“Cerebrovascular Accident”“cerebral infarction”“transient ischemic attack”“TIA”等為英文檢索詞。以PubMed為例,檢索策略見表1。
1.2 文獻納入和排除標準
納入標準:(1)研究類型:前瞻性隊列研究;(2)研究對象:≥18歲且無腦卒中病史;(3)暴露因素:酒精,酒精攝入量水平≥3組;(4)結局指標:腦卒中;(5)效應值:風險比(HR)、危險比(RR)及其95%CI。排除標準:(1)非中英文文獻;(2)會議論文、綜述類文獻;(3)無法獲取全文或數據缺失。
1.3 文獻篩選與方法學質量評價
文獻篩選和數據提取由2位研究者獨立進行,若出現爭議或不一致的情況,則與第3位研究者共同參與商討,以達成共識并解決問題。數據提取包括第一作者、發表年份、國家、隨訪時間、年齡、性別、暴露人數/樣本量、攝入量范圍、最高量組相比于最低量組發生腦卒中風險的HR/RR值及其95%CI、校正因素。采用紐卡斯爾-渥太華量表(Newcastle-Ottawa Scale,NOS)[15]對納入文獻進行質量評價,該量表共8個條目,總分為9分,NOS評分≥7分,被認為是高質量文獻。
1.4 統計學方法
采用Stata/MP 17.0軟件進行統計分析,統一用I2檢驗異質性。I2lt;50%,采用固定效應模型;I2≥50%則選擇隨機效應模型對其進行分析。采用限制性立方樣條回歸模型glst函數擬合[16-17]進行劑量反應Meta分析,Plt;0.05時表明兩者之間存在非線性關系;Pgt;0.05時說明兩者之間存在線性關系。采用Egger's檢驗和Begg's檢驗[18]評估是否存在發表偏倚。通過敏感性分析檢驗結果的穩定性。
2 結果
2.1 文獻篩選結果
通過數據庫檢索初步獲得相關文獻7 259篇,經剔重、篩選及全文審閱后,最終納入16篇文獻[10-12,19-31]進行劑量反應Meta分析,篩選流程和結果見圖1。
2.2 納入文獻的基本特征與質量評價
16篇文獻中其中6篇[10-11,25,27,30-31]來自亞洲、6篇[21-24,28-29]來自歐洲、4篇[12,19-20,26]來自美洲。納入文獻均為前瞻性隊列研究,共有548 595例研究對象,其中包括13 831例腦卒中患者。納入文獻均校正了混雜因素,16項研究的NOS得分均≥7分,見表2。
2.3 Meta分析結果
2.3.1 酒精攝入與腦卒中發病關系:共納入16篇[10-12,19-31]文獻,各研究間存在較高的異質性(I2=67.9%,Plt;0.05),采用隨機效應模型進行分析,結果顯示酒精攝入增加腦卒中發病風險(RR=1.17,95%CI=1.10~1.26,Plt;0.05),見圖2。
2.3.2 亞組分析:12篇[10-12,19-23,26-27,30-31]文獻報告了酒精攝入對出血性腦卒中發病風險的影響,各研究間存在異質性(I2=52.3%,Plt;0.05),酒精攝入出血性腦卒中風險增加49%(RR=1.49,95%CI=1.14~1.95,Plt;0.05);14篇[10-12,20-28,30-31]文獻報告了酒精攝入對缺血性腦卒中發病風險的影響,各研究間存在異質性(I2=65.4%,Plt;0.05),酒精攝入缺血性腦卒中風險增加20%(RR=1.20,95%CI=1.00~1.43,Plt;0.05),見圖3。
6篇[10-11,25,27,30-31]文獻報告了亞洲人群酒精攝入對腦卒中發病風險的影響,各研究間存在異質性(I2=67.1%,Plt;0.05),亞洲人群酒精攝入發病風險增加27%(RR=1.27,95%CI=1.14~1.40,Plt;0.05);6篇[21-24,28-29]文獻報告了歐洲人群酒精攝入對腦卒中發病風險的影響,各研究間存在較高異質性(I2=72.7%,Plt;0.05),歐洲人群酒精攝入腦卒中風險增加20%(RR=1.20,95%CI=1.04~1.38,Plt;0.05);4篇[12,19-20,26]文獻報告了美洲人群酒精攝入對腦卒中發病風險,各研究間存在異質性(I2=55.1%,Pgt;0.05),酒精攝入與美洲人群腦卒中風險無關(RR=1.03,95%CI=0.90~1.17,Pgt;0.05),見圖4。
14篇[10-12,19-20,22-24,26-31]文獻報告了每天酒精攝入lt;20 g對腦卒中發病風險的影響,各研究間異質性較低(I2=35.8%,Pgt;0.05),每天酒精攝入lt;20 g腦卒中發病風險降低10%(RR=0.90,95%CI=0.85~0.95,Plt;0.05)。13篇[10-11,19-22,25-31]文獻報告了每天酒精攝入20~40 g對腦卒中發病風險的影響,各研究間存在異質性(I2=73.6%,Plt;0.05),每天酒精攝入20~40 g腦卒中發病風險增加15%(RR=1.15,95%CI=1.08~1.23,Plt;0.05)。6篇[10-11,21-22,25,27]文獻報告了每天酒精攝入gt;40 g對腦卒中發病風險的影響,各研究間存在異質性(I2=68.8%,Plt;0.05),每天酒精攝入gt;40 g腦卒中發病風險增加35%(RR=1.35,95%CI=1.23~1.49,Plt;0.05),見圖5。
8篇[10-12,19,21,25,28,30]文獻報告了酒精攝入對男性腦卒中發病風險的影響,各研究間存在異質性(I2=64.3%,Plt;0.05),酒精攝入男性腦卒中發病風險增加19%(RR=1.19,95%CI=1.09~1.29,Plt;0.05);5篇[20,23-24,26-27]文獻報告了酒精攝入對女性腦卒中發病風險的影響,各研究間存在異質性(I2=76.5%,Plt;0.05),酒精攝入與女性腦卒中風險無關(RR=1.10,95%CI=0.94~1.28,Pgt;0.05),見圖6。
2.4 劑量反應Meta分析結果
利用testparm命令判斷是否存在線性關系,結果顯示:χ2=7.50,P=0.018,為非線性關系。采用glst命令擬合模型驗證,結果顯示:χ2=43.03,Plt;0.001。結果表明酒精攝入與腦卒中發病風險的劑量反應之間呈非線性反應關系。擬合酒精攝入與腦卒中發病風險的關系,結果見圖5。與從不飲酒者相比,飲酒者攝入酒精劑量的腦卒中相對風險比分別為1 g/d:RR=0.97,95%CI=0.96~0.98;2 g/d:RR=0.96,95%CI=0.94~0.97;3 g/d:RR=0.95,95%CI=0.93~0.97;4 g/d:RR=0.94,95%CI=0.91~0.96;5 g/d:RR=0.91,95%CI=0.88~0.94;6 g/d:RR=0.90,95%CI=0.86~0.93;7 g/d:RR=0.88,95%CI=0.84~0.92;8 g/d:RR=0.88,95%CI=0.83~0.92;9 g/d:RR=0.88,95%CI=0.83~0.92;10 g/d:RR=0.88,95%CI=0.83~0.93;11 g/d:RR=0.88,95%CI=0.83~0.93;12 g/d:RR=0.90,95%CI=0.85~0.95;13 g/d:RR=0.91,95%CI=0.85~0.95;14 g/d:RR=0.92,95%CI=0.86~0.95;15 g/d:RR=0.93,95%CI=0.86~0.96;16 g/d:RR=0.95,95%CI=0.88~0.96;17 g/d:RR=0.96,95%CI=0.88~0.97;18 g/d:RR=0.98,95%CI=0.89~0.97;19 g/d:RR=0.98,95%CI=0.89~0.98;20 g/d:RR=0.99,95%CI=0.90~0.99。飲酒者平均每天酒精攝入量lt;20 g表現為腦卒中發病風險降低(Plt;0.001),當攝入量超過此閾值腦卒中發病風險不斷增加。平均每天酒精攝入7~11 g時腦卒中發病風險最低,相較于不飲酒者風險降低12%,見圖7。
2.5 敏感性分析與發表偏倚分析
采用逐一剔除法進行敏感性分析結果無明顯變化,提示研究結果相對穩定。漏斗圖結果顯示研究分布基本對稱,見圖8。結合Egger's檢驗(t=0.35,P=0.730)和Begg's檢驗(Z=0.25,P=0.805)結果顯示無發表偏倚,見圖8。
3 討論
本研究Meta分析結果顯示,酒精攝入與腦卒中發病風險相關,此結果與SULL等[32]研究結果一致。研究發現,酒精攝入過多可增加腦卒中的患病率[20],長期大量飲酒會對人體各個系統造成不同程度的影響,尤其會對肝臟、中樞神經系統和周圍神經造成損害[33],與腦卒中的發生密切相關。因此,優化酒精攝入量對預防或延緩腦卒中的發生至關重要。
亞組分析結果顯示,酒精攝入與亞洲人群腦卒中發病風險相關,這提示酒精攝入對不同的種族或地區人群腦卒中的發生存在差異,與PETREA等[34]研究結果一致。目前,有關酒精攝入與腦卒中發病風險的生物學機制尚在研究中,其可能的原因是亞洲人群酒精攝入量比例高于其他地區人群,酒精代謝基因乙醇脫氫酶和乙醛脫氫酶變異型與酒精代謝能力降低有關[35],導致酒精在體內停留時間過長,增加了患腦卒中的風險。本研究還發現,酒精攝入量與腦卒中發病風險相關,每天酒精攝入lt;20 g腦卒中發病風險降低,與BERGER等[12]的結論一致,其潛在的機制可能與不飲酒者相比,少量飲酒與血液中高密度脂蛋白膽固醇水平升高以及纖維蛋白原水平下降有關[36],增加循環中總脂聯素和高分子量脂聯素的水平[37],減少血小板聚集,降低纖維蛋白原濃度,減少血栓形成[38],從而降低卒中的風險。每天酒精攝入gt;20 g腦卒中發病風險顯著增加,與STAMPFER等[20]研究結果一致,這可能與過多酒精攝入后導致血壓變異性升高有關,飲酒后激活交感神經系統,腎素血管加壓素水平升高,血液循環加快,血管收縮進而引起血壓升高有關[39]。本研究結果發現酒精攝入增加缺血性腦卒中的發病風險,與THRIFT等[40]和CAICOYA等[41]研究結果相似,其可能的原因是酒精攝入會引發血液高凝狀態,導致腦血流量減少,進一步增加心房顫動的風險[38],心房顫動是腦卒中的獨立危險因素,進而提升缺血性腦卒中患病風險。飲酒是出血性腦卒中的獨立危險因素,酒精會加速腦血管收縮和小動脈破裂[42],形成酒精性腦血管痙攣,進一步加重腦損傷;男性酒精攝入與腦卒中發生風險關聯比女性強,與BERGER等[12]研究結果相似,這種性別差異可能是由于酒精的代謝和生物效應以及對酒精的敏感性不同[43],此外,男性和女性在攝入頻率、攝入量方面存在差異,導致酒精與腦卒中風險之間的關聯在女性中并不突出。
劑量反應Meta分析結果表明,酒精攝入量與腦卒中發病風險之間存在J型非線性關系。平均每天酒精攝入在7~11 g時,腦卒中發病風險最低,當每天酒精攝入gt;20 g會增加腦卒中的發病風險,并且隨著酒精攝入量的增加,腦卒中的患病風險呈現出“上升”的趨勢。與LU等[30]研究結果一致,提示飲酒過多會增加腦卒中的患病風險。因此,酒精攝入≤20 g可能是腦卒中的保護因素,應嚴格控制酒精的攝入、健康飲食、增強防病意識。
本研究存在的局限性:本研究僅檢索了中、英文文獻,可能存在語言偏倚;酒精攝入量是研究人群自我報告的,不同個體對攝入量理解差異可能導致測量上存在誤差;本研究做了亞組分析,仍然存在異質性,納入文獻中不同的酒精濃度、攝入頻率、酒精攝入時間、其他潛在的混雜因素可能給研究引入了異質性。
綜上,本研究通過對前瞻性隊列研究進行劑量反應Meta分析,深入分析了酒精攝入量與腦卒中發病風險的關系,發現酒精攝入與腦卒中發病風險密切相關,且兩者之間存在非線性劑量反應關系,每日酒精攝入7~11 g時腦卒中發病風險最低,未來仍需要納入更多高質量、大樣本的研究來驗證。
作者貢獻:韓雪梅提出文章選題,負責研究的構思與設計,論文撰寫;梅春麗、陳丹進行數據的收集與整理,統計學處理,圖、表的繪制與展示;趙春善負責文章的質量控制及審校,對文章整體負責、監督管理。
本文無利益沖突。
參考文獻
王隴德,彭斌,張鴻祺,等. 《中國腦卒中防治報告2020》概要[J]. 中國腦血管病雜志,2022,19(2):136-144.
WU S,WU B,LIU M,et al. Stroke in China:advances and challenges in epidemiology,prevention,and management[J]. Lancet Neurol,2019,18(4):394-405. DOI:10.1016/S1474-4422(18)30500-3.
MORAN A,GU D F,ZHAO D,et al. Future cardiovascular disease in China:Markov model and risk factor scenario projections from the coronary heart disease policy model-China[J]. Circ Cardiovasc Qual Outcomes,2010,3(3):243-252. DOI:10.1161/CIRCOUTCOMES.109.910711.
江濱. 現階段我國腦卒中流行特征及防治現狀對全科醫療服務的啟示和建議[J]. 中國全科醫學,2019,22(30):3653-3661. DOI:10.12114/j.issn.1007-9572.2019.00.445.
O'DONNELL M J,CHIN S L,RANGARAJAN S,et al. Global and regional effects of potentially modifiable risk factors associated with acute stroke in 32 countries(INTERSTROKE):a case-control study[J]. Lancet,2016,388(10046):761-775. DOI:10.1016/S0140-6736(16)30506-2.
MUKAMAL K J,RIMM E B. Alcohol consumption:risks and benefits[J]. Curr Atheroscler Rep,2008,10(6):536-543. DOI:10.1007/s11883-008-0083-2.
O'KEEFE J H,BYBEE K A,LAVIE C J. Alcohol and cardiovascular health:the razor-sharp double-edged sword[J]. J Am Coll Cardiol,2007,50(11):1009-1014. DOI:10.1016/j.jacc.2007.04.089.
AGARWAL D P. Cardioprotective effects of light-moderate consumption of alcohol:a review of putative mechanisms[J]. Alcohol Alcohol,2002,37(5):409-415. DOI:10.1093/alcalc/37.5.409.
BRIEN S E,RONKSLEY P E,TURNER B J,et al. Effect of alcohol consumption on biological markers associated with risk of coronary heart disease:systematic review and meta-analysis of interventional studies[J]. BMJ,2011,342:d636. DOI:10.1136/bmj.d636.
BAZZANO L A,GU D F,REYNOLDS K,et al. Alcohol consumption and risk for stroke among Chinese men[J]. Ann Neurol,2007,62(6):569-578. DOI:10.1002/ana.21194.
ISO H,BABA S,MANNAMI T,et al. Alcohol consumption and risk of stroke among middle-aged men:the JPHC study cohort I[J]. Stroke,2004,35(5):1124-1129. DOI:10.1161/01.str.0000124459.33597.00.
BERGER K,AJANI U A,KASE C S,et al. Light-to-moderate alcohol consumption and the risk of stroke among U.S. male physicians[J]. N Engl J Med,1999,341(21):1557-1564. DOI:10.1056/NEJM199911183412101.
FROST L,VESTERGAARD P. Alcohol and risk of atrial fibrillation or flutter:a cohort study[J]. Arch Intern Med,2004,164(18):1993-1998. DOI:10.1001/archinte.164.18.1993.
CORRAO G,BAGNARDI V,ZAMBON A,et al. Exploring the dose-response relationship between alcohol consumption and the risk of several alcohol-related conditions:a meta-analysis[J]. Addiction,1999,94(10):1551-1573. DOI:10.1046/j.1360-0443.1999.9410155111.x.
STANG A. Critical evaluation of the Newcastle-Ottawa scale for the assessment of the quality of nonrandomized studies in meta-analyses[J]. Eur J Epidemiol,2010,25(9):603-605. DOI:10.1007/s10654-010-9491-z.
GREENLAND S,LONGNECKER M P. Methods for trend estimation from summarized dose-response data,with applications to meta-analysis[J]. Am J Epidemiol,1992,135(11):1301-1309. DOI:10.1093/oxfordjournals.aje.a116237.
羅美玲,林希建,劉如春,等. 劑量反應關系Meta分析在Stata軟件中的實現[J]. 循證醫學,2014,14(3):182-187. DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1671-5144.2014.03.012.
EGGER M,DAVEY SMITH G,SCHNEIDER M,et al. Bias in meta-analysis detected by a simple,graphical test[J]. BMJ,1997,315(7109):629-634. DOI:10.1136/bmj.315.7109.629.
DONAHUE R P,ABBOTT R D,REED D M,et al. Alcohol and hemorrhagic stroke. the Honolulu heart program[J]. JAMA,1986,255(17):2311-2314.
STAMPFER M J,COLDITZ G A,WILLETT W C,et al. A prospective study of moderate alcohol consumption and the risk of coronary disease and stroke in women[J]. N Engl J Med,1988,319(5):267-273. DOI:10.1056/nejm198808043190503.
LEPP?L? J M,PAUNIO M,VIRTAMO J,et al. Alcohol consumption and stroke incidence in male smokers[J]. Circulation,1999,100(11):1209-1214. DOI:10.1161/01.cir.100.11.1209.
NIELSEN N R,TRUELSEN T,BAREFOOT J C,et al. Is the effect of alcohol on risk of stroke confined to highly stressed persons?[J]. Neuroepidemiology,2005,25(3):105-113. DOI:10.1159/000086352.
LU M,YE W M,ADAMI H O,et al. Stroke incidence in women under 60 years of age related to alcohol intake and smoking habit[J]. Cerebrovasc Dis,2008,25(6):517-525. DOI:10.1159/000131669.
BOS S,GROBBEE D E,BOER J M A,et al. Alcohol consumption and risk of cardiovascular disease among hypertensive women[J]. Eur J Cardiovasc Prev Rehabil,2010,17(1):119-126. DOI:10.1097/HJR.0b013e328335f2fa.
HIGASHIYAMA A,WAKABAYASHI I,ONO Y,et al. Association with serum gamma-glutamyltransferase levels and alcohol consumption on stroke and coronary artery disease:the Suita study[J]. Stroke,2011,42(6):1764-1767. DOI:10.1161/STROKEAHA.110.608307.
JIMENEZ M,CHIUVE S E,GLYNN R J,et al. Alcohol consumption and risk of stroke in women[J]. Stroke,2012,43(4):939-945. DOI:10.1161/STROKEAHA.111.639435.
IKEHARA S,ISO H,YAMAGISHI K,et al. Alcohol consumption and risk of stroke and coronary heart disease among Japanese women:the Japan Public Health Center-based prospective study[J]. Prev Med,2013,57(5):505-510. DOI:10.1016/j.ypmed.2013.07.003.
FALKSTEDT D,WOLFF V,ALLEBECK P,et al. Cannabis,Tobacco,alcohol use,and the risk of early stroke:a population-based cohort study of 45 000 Swedish men[J]. Stroke,2017,48(2):265-270. DOI:10.1161/STROKEAHA.116.015565.
DEGERUD E,H?ISETH G,M?RLAND J,et al. Associations of binge drinking with the risks of ischemic heart disease and stroke:a study of pooled Norwegian health surveys[J]. Am J Epidemiol,2021,190(8):1592-1603. DOI:10.1093/aje/kwab063.
LU H Y,NI J X,YANG Q X,et al. Alcohol consumption and stroke risk in men:a population-based cohort study in rural Tianjin,China[J]. Neuroepidemiology,2021,55(4):266-274. DOI:10.1159/000515036.
LIU X,DING X B,ZHANG F,et al. Association between alcohol consumption and risk of stroke among adults:results from a prospective cohort study in Chongqing,China[J]. BMC Public Health,2023,23(1):1593. DOI:10.1186/s12889-023-16361-9.
SULL J W,YI S W,NAM C M,et al. Binge drinking and mortality from all causes and cerebrovascular diseases in Korean men and women[J]. Stroke,2009,40(9):2953-2958. DOI:10.1161/strokeaha.109.556027.
ROERECKE M. Alcohol's impact on the cardiovascular system[J]. Nutrients,2021,13(10):3419. DOI:10.3390/nu13103419.
PETREA R E,BEISER A S,SESHADRI S,et al. Gender differences in stroke incidence and poststroke disability in the Framingham heart study[J]. Stroke,2009,40(4):1032-1037. DOI:10.1161/STROKEAHA.108.542894.
EDENBERG H J. The genetics of alcohol metabolism:role of alcohol dehydrogenase and aldehyde dehydrogenase variants[J]. Alcohol Res Health,2007,30(1):5-13.
VOLCIK K A,BALLANTYNE C M,FUCHS F D,et al. Relationship of alcohol consumption and type of alcoholic beverage consumed with plasma lipid levels:differences between Whites and African Americans of the ARIC study[J]. Ann Epidemiol,2008,18(2):101-107. DOI:10.1016/j.annepidem.2007.07.103.
JOOSTEN M M,BEULENS J W J,KERSTEN S,et al. Moderate alcohol consumption increases insulin sensitivity and ADIPOQ expression in postmenopausal women:a randomised,crossover trial[J]. Diabetologia,2008,51(8):1375-1381. DOI:10.1007/s00125-008-1031-y.
中華醫學會神經病學分會,中華醫學會神經病學分會腦血管病學組. 中國腦血管病一級預防指南2019[J]. 中華神經科雜志,2019,52(9):684-709. DOI:10.3760/cma.j.issn.1006-7876.2019.09.002.
SMYTH A,TEO K K,RANGARAJAN S,et al. Alcohol consumption and cardiovascular disease,cancer,injury,admission to hospital,and mortality:a prospective cohort study[J]. Lancet,2015,386(10007):1945-1954. DOI:10.1016/S0140-6736(15)00235-4.
THRIFT A G,GEOFFREY D A,MCNEIL J J. Epidemiology of intracerebral hemorrhage[J]. Epidemiol Rev,1995,17(2):361-381. DOI:10.1093/oxfordjournals.epirev.a036199.
CAICOYA M,RODRIGUEZ T,CORRALES C,et al. Alcohol and stroke:a community case-control study in Asturias,Spain[J]. J Clin Epidemiol,1999,52(7):677-684. DOI:10.1016/s0895-4356(98)00074-2.
CHANG J,FEDINEC A L,KUNTAMALLAPPANAVAR G,et al.
Endothelial nitric oxide mediates caffeine antagonism of alcohol-induced cerebral artery constriction[J]. J Pharmacol Exp Ther,2016,356(1):106-115. DOI:10.1124/jpet.115.229054.
CHIVA-BLANCH G,BADIMON L. Benefits and risks of moderate alcohol consumption on cardiovascular disease:current findings and controversies[J]. Nutrients,2019,12(1):108. DOI:10.3390/nu12010108.
(本文編輯:賈萌萌)
*通信作者:趙春善,教授;E-mail:forchunshan@163.com
基金項目:吉林省科技發展計劃項目(20190303171SF);吉林市科技發展計劃項目(20230406138)
引用本文:韓雪梅,趙春善,梅春麗,等. 酒精攝入與腦卒中發病風險的劑量反應Meta分析[J]. 中國全科醫學,2024,27(26):3304-3311. DOI:10.12114/j.issn.1007-9572.2024.0043. [www.chinagp.net]
HAN X M,ZHAO C S,MEI C L,et al. Alcohol intake and risk of stroke:a dose-response meta-analysis[J]. Chinese General Practice,2024,27(26):3304-3311.
? Editorial Office of Chinese General Practice. This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND 4.0 license.