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主題詞:側面柱碰撞 側氣囊 安全性 乘員約束系統(tǒng)
中圖分類號:U461.91" "文獻標志碼:A" "DOI: 10.19620/j.cnki.1000-3703.20240032
Optimal Design of Driver’s Side Airbag in Side Pole Crash
Xiao Hua1, Xiao Sen1, Zhao Kuangyu1, Qi Yufei2, He Yaoxin2
(1. Hebei University of Technlogy, Tianjin 300401; 2. Great Wall Motor Technology Center, Baoding 071000)
【Abstract】In order to improve the safety score of the driver’s side airbag under the side pole collision condition, the model of occupant’s restraint system in the vehicle side pole collision was built according to the 2021 version of C-NCAP, and the vehicle collision and simulation results show that the safety scores of the head, abdomen and pelvis all reach the standard, and the chest injury is more serious and the score is lower. By optimizing the pouch shape and stomatal diameter of the side airbags, the chest rib safety score is improved. The optimization results show that the compression of the upper rib, middle rib and lower rib of the chest decreases by 30.97%, 8.26% and 13.71%, respectively, which verifies the effectiveness of the optimization scheme.
Key words: Side pole crash, Side airbag, Safety, Occupant restraint system
1 前言
側面碰撞造成的傷亡人數(shù)占汽車事故總傷亡人數(shù)的28%[1],因此,側面碰撞安全性研究對提高汽車安全性具有重要的現(xiàn)實意義。以往的側面碰撞研究主要針對車與車的碰撞[2],2021年版中國新車評價規(guī)程(China-New Car Assessment Program,C-NCAP)管理規(guī)則[3]中新增側面柱碰撞試驗,對車輛側面與圓柱形剛性物體直接撞擊時的安全性進行評價。
針對側面柱碰撞的影響因素:朱海濤等[4]從力學理論出發(fā),研究了側面柱碰撞和側面碰撞在受力上的差異;李翼德[5]基于人體損傷機理,分析實際碰撞中乘員的響應特性,構建了車輛側面柱碰撞模型并進行驗證;Warner等[6]基于福特的實車平臺,獲取車輛的不同碰撞位置、不同柱面大小等因素對車輛力學響應的影響;Kuwaharm等[7]研究發(fā)現(xiàn),在側面柱碰撞工況下,側氣囊可降低胸部肋骨壓縮量,減小上臂擠壓胸部上肋骨及扶手侵入胸部下肋骨的力。
本文基于人體生物力學響應及側面柱碰撞影響因素構建側面柱碰撞模型,驗證假人頭部、胸部、腹部、骨盆傷害值與實車碰撞的擬合程度,提出側氣囊袋型及孔徑的優(yōu)化方案,降低胸部肋骨壓縮量并驗證優(yōu)化方案的有效性。……