








【摘要】基于某大傾角座椅,利用THUMS數(shù)字人體模型,研究了座椅后傾姿態(tài)正面碰撞條件下的乘員損傷特征,并討論了乘員損傷機(jī)理。研究結(jié)果表明,相較于常規(guī)坐姿,一方面大傾角座椅后傾姿態(tài)下傳統(tǒng)約束系統(tǒng)無法實(shí)現(xiàn)乘員的有效約束,乘員易發(fā)生下潛而造成腹部、胸部、頸部的損傷風(fēng)險(xiǎn),另一方面由于座椅的作用,乘員脊柱受到較大的軸向加速度載荷,存在損傷風(fēng)險(xiǎn)。最后,基于乘員的損傷特征及機(jī)理,進(jìn)一步討論了后傾姿態(tài)下乘員保護(hù)策略。
主題詞:乘員保護(hù) 大傾角座椅 數(shù)字人體模型 損傷機(jī)理
中圖分類號(hào):U461.91" "文獻(xiàn)標(biāo)志碼:A" "DOI: 10.19620/j.cnki.1000-3703.20240028
Damage Analysis of Occupant in Front Collision of High Tilt Seat Based on THUMS Digital Human Body Model
Xu Zeya, Xie Jinping, Lei Feibing, Cai Yani
(BYD Automotive Industry Co., Ltd., Shenzhen 518118)
【Abstract】Based on THUMS digital human model, this paper studied the occupant injury characteristics of rear attitude frontal collision in a large tilt seat and discussed the mechanism of occupant injury. As the result shows, compared with regular sitting posture, on the one hand, the traditional restraint system cannot realize the effective restraint on the occupant under the reclining posture, which easily causes injury of occupant’s abdomen, thorax and neck due to descending of occupant. On the other hand, the occupant’s spine is subjected to a large axial acceleration load, and there is a risk of injury due to the seat cushion. Finally, based on the characteristics and mechanism of occupant injury, the paper also discussed the strategies on occupant protection in a large seat .
Key words: Occupant protection, High tilt seat, Digital human body model, Damage mechanism
1 前言
隨著汽車向“移動(dòng)的第三生活空間”轉(zhuǎn)變,車內(nèi)智能化功能需求外,智能座艙駕乘的舒適性、安全性需求大幅提升。大傾角座椅、零重力座椅可滿足乘員在駕乘過程中的舒適性需求,大幅度提升駕乘體驗(yàn),是當(dāng)前智能座艙發(fā)展應(yīng)用的熱點(diǎn)技術(shù)領(lǐng)域[1]。然而,由于乘員在后傾姿態(tài)正面碰撞中受力特征和載荷傳遞路徑均與傳統(tǒng)姿態(tài)存在顯著不同,當(dāng)前的乘員約束系統(tǒng)無法滿足后傾姿態(tài)下乘員保護(hù)的需求,限制了大傾角、零重力座椅等技術(shù)的應(yīng)用場(chǎng)景[2-5]。目前,各整車制造商在后傾座椅的說明指南中均建議只能在駐車狀態(tài)下使用,后傾姿態(tài)下的乘員保護(hù)問題是相關(guān)技術(shù)應(yīng)用的痛點(diǎn)[6]。
為了解決后傾姿態(tài)下乘員的保護(hù)問題,首先應(yīng)分析乘員在大傾角、零重力座椅等后傾姿態(tài)下的損傷特征與機(jī)理。汽車碰撞假……