外部研發合作對企業創新績效的影響

[摘 要：創新績效提升是企業可持續發展的重要議題。已有研究構建了企業外部研發合作與企業創新績效之間的研究框架，但忽略了知識的網絡特性。基于知識基礎理論，文章從知識網絡視角探討了外部研發合作對企業創新績效的影響以及知識網絡在其間的作用機制，利用2010—2019年工業機器人領域203家企業的1 117條發明專利數據，采用負二項回歸、調節效應檢驗等方法開展實證研究。結果表明：外部研發合作促進企業創新績效的提升；知識網絡中心度對企業創新績效具有“倒U”型影響，并對外部研發合作與企業創新績效之間的關系具有“倒U”型調節效應；知識網絡結構洞對企業創新績效具有“倒U”型影響，其正向調節外部研發合作與企業創新績效之間關系。研究內容豐富了關于外部研發合作與企業創新績效之間關系的探討，為知識網絡特性在企業創新活動中的復雜作用提供了實證檢驗，研究結果對企業開展知識管理和優化創新決策具有借鑒意義。

關鍵詞：外部研發合作；知識網絡；產品多元化；創新績效

中圖分類號：F273.1；F272；F426.6" " " 文獻標識碼：A 文章編號：1007-5097（2023）04-0110-10 ]

The Impact of External Ramp;D Cooperation on Enterprise Innovation Performance：

Based on the Perspective of Knowledge Network

ZHANG Yongyun， LIU Dujuan

（School of Economics and Management，Taiyuan University of Science and Technology，Taiyuan 030024，China）

Abstract：The improvement of innovation performance is an important issue for the sustainable development of enterprises. Existing researches have constructed a research framework between external Ramp;D cooperation and enterprise innovation performance，but ignored the network characteristics of knowledge. Based on the knowledge-based theory，this paper discusses the impact of external Ramp;D cooperation on enterprise innovation performance from the perspective of knowledge network and the role mechanism of knowledge network in it. Using the data of 1，117 invention patents of 203 enterprises in the field of industrial robots from 2010 to 2019， this paper uses negative binomial regression，moderating effect test and other methods to carry out an empirical research. The results show that external Ramp;D cooperation promotes the improvement of enterprise innovation performance；the centrality of knowledge network has an “inverted U” effect on enterprise innovation performance，and has an “inverted U” moderating effect on the relationship between external Ramp;D cooperation and enterprise innovation performance；knowledge network structure holes have an “inverted U” effect on enterprise innovation performance， but positively moderate the relationship between external Ramp;D cooperation and enterprise innovation performance. The research content enriches the discussion on the relationship between external Ramp;D cooperation and enterprise innovation performance，and provides an empirical test for the complex role of knowledge network characteristics in enterprise innovation activities. The research results have reference significance for enterprises to carry out knowledge management and optimize innovation decision-making.

Key words：external Ramp;D cooperation；knowledge network；product diversification；innovation performance

一、引 言

知識經濟時代，創新成為企業獲得競爭優勢的重要要素。創新是通過對現有知識的探索、組合或整合，創造新的知識組合或新知識的過程［1］。受組織內部有限知識的限制，企業的創新形式逐漸由封閉式創新向開放式創新轉換［2-3］。開放式創新中，企業通常通過外部研發合作獲取、整合多種外部知識來創造新知識和新的知識組合。……