不同鹽脅迫對(duì)決明種子萌發(fā)及幼苗生長(zhǎng)的影響

摘要 為探究不同鹽脅迫下決明種子萌發(fā)及幼苗生長(zhǎng)情況，以決明種子為試材，采用不同濃度的NaCl、Na2CO3、Na2SO4溶液以及NaCl和Na2CO3的混合液，Na2SO4和Na2CO3的混合液對(duì)種子進(jìn)行鹽脅迫處理，并測(cè)定種子的發(fā)芽率、發(fā)芽勢(shì)、發(fā)芽指數(shù)、活力指數(shù)以及幼苗根長(zhǎng)和苗高等指標(biāo)。結(jié)果表明，隨著NaCl濃度的增加，決明種子各萌發(fā)指標(biāo)及幼苗的生長(zhǎng)逐漸呈下降趨勢(shì)，決明種子可以適應(yīng)低濃度鹽分環(huán)境，但適應(yīng)能力隨脅迫水平的增加而降低；隨著Na2CO3、Na2SO4溶液以及NaCl和Na2CO3的混合液，Na2SO4和Na2CO3的混合液濃度的增加，種子各萌發(fā)指標(biāo)及幼苗苗高呈現(xiàn)先增加后下降趨勢(shì)，根系生長(zhǎng)呈下降趨勢(shì)，低濃度鹽溶液對(duì)決明種子的萌發(fā)有一定的促進(jìn)作用。決明種子對(duì)Na+、高pH和Cl-脅迫較為敏感，不同鹽分類(lèi)型對(duì)決明種子的脅迫強(qiáng)度順序?yàn)镹aCl+Na2CO3gt;Na2CO3gt;NaClgt;Na2SO4gt;Na2SO4+Na2CO3。

關(guān)鍵詞 決明；鹽脅迫；種子萌發(fā)；幼苗生長(zhǎng)

中圖分類(lèi)號(hào) S567.21+9 文獻(xiàn)標(biāo)識(shí)碼 A

文章編號(hào) 1007-7731（2023）23-24-0030-07

Effects of different salts stress on seed germination and seeding growth of Cassia obtusifolia

WU Yifeng " "HU Yiman " "YAN Cuixiang* " "CHEN Jike

（Jiyang College of Zhejiang Aamp;F University， Zhuji 311800， China）

Abstract To explore the seed germination and seedling growth under different salt stress， the experiment was conducted to explore the germination rate， germination power， germination index， vigor index of Cassia obtusifolia seeds treated with different concentration solution of NaCl， Na2CO3， Na2SO4， mixed salt of NaCl and Na2CO3， mixed salt of Na2SO4 and Na2CO3. The results showed that the indexes of Cassia obtusifolia seeds all decreased with the increasing of salt of NaCl. Cassia obtusifolia could adapt to the low level of NaCl salt， and the adaptation capability decreased with the increasing level of stress. The indexes of Cassia obtusifolia seeds first increased and then decreased， the growth of root decreased with the increasing of salt of Na2CO3， Na2SO4， mixed salt of NaCl and Na2CO3， mixed salt of Na2SO4 and Na2CO3. The low level of salts promoted seeds germination. Cassia obtusifolia seeds germination were sensitive to Na+， the high pH value and Cl-. The sequence of salt stress was NaCl+Na2CO3gt;Na2CO3gt;NaClgt;Na2SO4gt;Na2SO4+Na2CO3.

Keywords Cassia obtusifolia; salt stress; seed germination; seeding growth

土壤鹽堿化威脅植物的生長(zhǎng)、光合作用和水分利用，限制植物的生物量和產(chǎn)量增加，從而降低農(nóng)業(yè)的生產(chǎn)力[1]。種子萌發(fā)期是植物整個(gè)生活史中對(duì)鹽分最為敏感的時(shí)期，鹽分抑制種子對(duì)水分的吸收，從而阻礙其萌發(fā)，甚至產(chǎn)生離子毒害[2]，鹽堿地作物種子的萌發(fā)是農(nóng)業(yè)生產(chǎn)的一大難題[3]。對(duì)于作物而言，種子萌發(fā)和幼苗建成階段是對(duì)逆境條件最為敏感的時(shí)期，可通過(guò)種子萌發(fā)及幼苗生長(zhǎng)指標(biāo)對(duì)逆境脅迫進(jìn)行評(píng)價(jià)[4]。有不少灌溉土地面臨不同程度的鹽堿化，耕地中的鹽分主要由于Na+和Cl-累積[5-6]，其中部分鹽堿地仍具有較大的農(nóng)業(yè)利用潛力[7]。……