
摘要 刺梨是貴州省極具特色的藥食同源植物,在醫藥、保健品、化妝品和食品加工行業具有廣泛的應用前景。本研究綜述刺梨開發利用的相關研究報道,結合產業發展現狀,總結分析刺梨的種質資源及其分布、良種繁育、開發利用現狀和種植技術等方面的研究情況與進展,并對其資源開發利用前景進行展望,并提出相關建議,為刺梨良種選育、栽培管理等方面的深入研究提供參考。
關鍵詞 貴州刺梨;刺梨資源;種植技術
中圖分類號 S793.9 文獻標識碼 A
文章編號 1007-7731(2023)23-24-0076-04
Resource development and planting technology of Rosa roxburghii Tratt. in Guizhou Province
LI Sujie " "FANG Xiaoyu " "FENG Cheng " "ZHANG Youxian
(Guizhou Institute of Water Conservancy Science, Guiyang 550002, China)
Abstract Rosa roxburghii is a unique medicinal and edible plant in Guizhou province. It has broad application prospects in medicine, health care products, cosmetics and food processing industries. In this study, the related research reports on the development and utilization of R.roxburghii were collected, combined with the current situation of industrial development, the research situation and progress of R.roxburghii germplasm resources and their distribution, breeding, development and utilization status, planting technology and other aspects were summarized and analyzed. The prospect of resource development and utilization was prospected, and relevant suggestions for its development and utilization were put forward, aiming to provide theoretical reference for the in-depth study of R.roxburghii breeding, cultivation and management.
Keywords Rosa roxburghii of Guizhou; resources of Rosa roxburghii Tratt.; planting technology
刺梨(Rosa roxbunghii)學名繅絲花,為薔薇科多年生落葉灌木繅絲花的果實,又名送春歸、刺莓果、佛朗果、茨梨和木梨子等,是我國特有的天然果實,主要分布于貴州、四川、廣西、湖北和西藏等地,野生刺梨生于海拔500~2 500 m的向陽山坡、溝谷、路旁以及灌木叢中。刺梨被譽為“維C之王”,其果實的維生素C、維生素P和超氧化物歧化酶含量均居果蔬前列,還富含有機酸、氨基酸和礦物質;含有生物活性物質如黃酮類化合物,具有消炎、擴張冠狀動脈和保護心血管等重要生物活性。刺梨是集藥用、保健、食用和觀賞為一體的水果,具有廣泛的開發前景。
貴州地形以山地丘陵為主,且為喀斯特地貌,土層較薄,地表水土流失較為嚴重,刺梨根系淺、抗旱、耐瘠,能起到保持水土、防洪護坡、固沙和改變小氣候的作用,在維持生態平衡方面起著積極的作用,具有很高的生態效益。
近年來,貴州刺梨產業發展迅速,全省大部分地區均種植刺梨。……