鄒鳳清
摘 要:幼兒教育屬于啟蒙教育,對幼兒后續的健康成長起到至關重要的作用,隨著時代和經濟的快速發展,全社會越來越重視幼兒教育。而幼兒教育是以游戲為基本活動,在活動的過程,教師以及家長根據國家頒布的《3-6歲兒童學習與發展指南》(以下簡稱:指南)要求不斷地創造條件,促進幼兒在五大領域的全面發展。眾所周知,人類的進步發展其實就是在一個個解決問題的實際過程中形成的,當然幼兒也不例外。所以我們主張通過游戲提高幼兒解決問題的能力。
關鍵詞:自主游戲;幼兒;解決問題能力;策略
【中圖分類號】G612? ? ? ? ? ? 【文獻標識碼】A? ? ? ? ? ? ?【文章編號】1005-8877(2022)05-0078-03
Strategies for Developing Young Children's Problem-solving Skills in Autonomous Play
ZOU Fengqing? (Huangshi Center Kindergarten, Licheng District, Putian City, Fujian Province, China)
【Abstract】Early childhood education belongs to enlightenment education and plays a vital role in the subsequent healthy growth of children. With the rapid development of the times and economy, the whole society pays more and more attention to early childhood education. And early childhood education is based on games. In the process of activities, teachers and parents continue to create conditions according to the requirements of the "Guidelines for Children's Learning and Development of 3-6 Years Old" (hereinafter referred to as the "Guidelines") promulgated by the state to promote children in five areas. comprehensive development. As we all know, the progress and development of human beings are actually formed in the actual process of solving problems one by one, of course, children are no exception. Therefore, we advocate that children can improve their problem-solving ability through games.
【Keywords】Autonomous play; Young children; Problem-solving ability; Strategy
3~6歲幼兒有著極其鮮明的特點,對萬事萬物充滿好奇,《指南》中明確說明:幼兒科學學習的核心是激發探究興趣,體驗探究過程,發展初步的探究能力。成人要善于發現和保護幼兒的好奇心。為此,我們開展自主游戲,希望幼兒能在輕松、和諧的氛圍中,不斷地激發學習的興趣和探究世界的勇氣。當然為了這個目標,我們必須做到以下 幾點:
1.深刻理解“自主游戲”的含義
(1)尊重幼兒為學習主體的原則。“自主游戲”是依據幼兒的興趣,自由選擇開展游戲并在其中自發進行交流互動的過程。幼兒年齡小,無論是身體還是心里再或者是相關的知識構造及知識儲備等各個方面都不成熟,但他們對于事物的喜好不以成年人的眼光為標準,而是依據自己的第一印象或是直覺,所以,我們在開展自主游戲時尊重幼兒的興趣和喜好。……