鄉村振興戰略背景下基層農業技術推廣人才培養問題研究

李夢瑩 袁君萍

摘 要：黨的十九大報告提出“實施鄉村振興戰略”，對鄉村振興戰略作出重要部署，按照“產業興旺、生態宜居、鄉風文明、治理有效、生活富裕”的總體要求推進“三農”工作。報告提出要培育造就一支懂農業、愛農村、愛農民的“三農”工作隊伍，基層農業技術推廣人才是實現鄉村全面振興的重要力量。該研究以福建省418名農技骨干人員為對象展開問卷調查，發現當前人才培養存在頂層設計存在偏差、培養理念未與時俱進、培訓方式單一、培訓過程缺乏有效協調等問題。研究認為，觀念、制度、經濟等因素相互聯系，共同制約著基層農業技術推廣人才培養工作。培養工作應從以下幾個方面進行改進：在人才培養過程中融入全新的農業發展理念;以鄉村振興為指導開展教育培訓工作;職前教育和職后培訓分別建立系統完善的人才培養運行機制。

關鍵詞：鄉村振興戰略;基層農業技術推廣人才;人才培養

中圖分類號 F327.63文獻標識碼 A文章編號 1007-7731（2021）19-0182-04

Cultivation of Talents for Basic Agro-technical Extension of Rural Revitalization Strategy

LI Mengying et al.

（Huzhou College， Huzhou 313000， China）

Abstract： The report of the 19th CPC National Congress for the first time pointed out that we will implement the rural revitalization strategy.The construction of “Three-Rural” work should follow the Rural Revitalization Strategy，which means “industrial prosperity， ecological livability， rural civilization， effective governance and rich life”.The report advances to train a group of people who understand agriculture， love rural areas and peasants.Talents for basic agro-technical extension are the important force that realizes rural revitalization.A questionnaire survey was conducted among 418 backbone staffs in Fujian province，the author finds that the current cultivation exists the following problems：the top-level design of talent cultivation is biased and doesnt adapt and lead the development of modern agriculture;the concept of cultivation has not kept pace with the times;the training method is single and lack of practical teaching;the training process lacks effective coordination.The study suggests that mutually interrelated factors such as concept，system and economy restrict the cultivation of talents for basic agro-technical extension.The author thinks that the future training should be improved in the following aspects.First of all， the new concept of agricultural development should be integrated into the process of personnel training.Secondly，we should carry out education and training under the guidance of rural revitalization.Thirdly，a systematic and perfect talent training operation mechanism should be established in pre-service education and post-service education respectively.

Key words： Rural revitalization strategy; Talents for basic agro-technical extension; Cultivation of talents

1 鄉村振興戰略對基層農業技術推廣人才素質提出的新要求

基層農技推廣人才作為“一懂兩愛”的“三農”工作隊伍的重要組成部分，鄉村振興戰略對其綜合素養和能力結構提出了新要求。對基層農技推廣人員而言，“懂農業”是懂現代農業及一二三產業的融合發展;“愛農村”是愛生態的、宜居的農村;“愛農民”是關心、愛護、理解農民且引領農民。