從人居環(huán)境學(xué)視角探索鄉(xiāng)村振興背景下的村莊規(guī)劃方法

王迎 高明 劉欣宇 陳夢(mèng)莉

摘要：作為人居環(huán)境科學(xué)的組成部分，鄉(xiāng)村人居環(huán)境與空間規(guī)劃研究一直以來(lái)未得到足夠重視、研究相對(duì)薄弱。在鄉(xiāng)村振興戰(zhàn)略背景下，美麗鄉(xiāng)村建設(shè)被賦予了新的時(shí)代內(nèi)涵，對(duì)村莊規(guī)劃提出了新的要求?；诒本┦写迩f規(guī)劃建設(shè)的現(xiàn)實(shí)狀況，本文以北京市三司村為案例，在產(chǎn)業(yè)就業(yè)、生態(tài)保護(hù)、文化挖掘、實(shí)施保障等方面探索了村莊規(guī)劃編制技術(shù)方法的優(yōu)化策略，在公眾參與和技術(shù)服務(wù)方面探索了村莊規(guī)劃工作方法的優(yōu)化策略，以期為北京市美麗鄉(xiāng)村規(guī)劃建設(shè)提供有效路徑。

關(guān)鍵詞：鄉(xiāng)村振興；村莊規(guī)劃；人居環(huán)境學(xué)；三司村

doi：10.3969/j.issn.1009-1483.2019.04.014 中圖分類號(hào)：TU984

文章編號(hào)：1009-1483（2019）04-0089-10 文獻(xiàn)標(biāo)識(shí)碼：A

The Method of Village Planning under the Background of the Rural Revitalization from the Perspective of the Science of Human Settlement： A Case Study of Sansi Village of Yanqing District in Bejing

WANG Ying， GAO Ming， LIU Xinyu， CHEN Mengli

[Abstract] As an integral part of the science of human settlements， the research on rural human settlements has not been received sufficient attention， and also the research on spatial planning is relatively weak. Under the background of the national strategy of rural revitalization， the beautiful village has been given a new era connotation， and put forward new requirements for village planning. Based on the reality of village planning and construction in Beijing， this paper takes Sansi Village as an example to explore the optimization strategy of village planning techniques in the aspects of economics and employment， ecological protection， cultural excavation and implementation guarantee. Simultaneously， to explore the optimization strategy of village planning work methods in the public participation and consultation service in order to provide an effective path for the planning and construction of the beautiful village in Beijing.

[Keywords] rural revitalization； village planning； science of human settlement； Sansi Village

1村莊規(guī)劃研究的人居環(huán)境學(xué)理論意義

人居環(huán)境科學(xué)最早由吳良鏞院士提出，是在借鑒道薩迪亞斯“人類聚居學(xué)”的基礎(chǔ)上、結(jié)合中國(guó)城鄉(xiāng)建設(shè)發(fā)展實(shí)踐特色形成的理論體系[1]。長(zhǎng)期以來(lái)，城市人居環(huán)境研究一直是學(xué)術(shù)界的研究重點(diǎn)，成果頗豐，而鄉(xiāng)村人居環(huán)境研究并未得到足夠重視，“鄉(xiāng)村人居環(huán)境與空間規(guī)劃研究”也相對(duì)薄弱。由于鄉(xiāng)村聚落空間在動(dòng)力機(jī)制、制度環(huán)境、文化特征等方面與城市區(qū)域都存在較大差異，不能簡(jiǎn)單地套用城市規(guī)劃理論解決鄉(xiāng)村人居空間規(guī)劃和建設(shè)問(wèn)題，需要探索適合鄉(xiāng)村特征的鄉(xiāng)村人居空間規(guī)劃理論方法和實(shí)踐方法[2]。

2北京市村莊規(guī)劃研究的現(xiàn)實(shí)背景

2.1規(guī)劃編制歷經(jīng)5個(gè)階段，基本實(shí)現(xiàn)全覆蓋

改革開(kāi)放至今北京市村莊規(guī)劃編制大致經(jīng)歷了5個(gè)階段（見(jiàn)表1）。……