新時期社區養老服務體系的優化策略研究

張韓

摘 要： 養老是我國民生事業中的一項重要內容，我國素有敬老養老的傳統美德，然而，隨著人口老齡化程度的不斷加深，迫切需要構建一套符合時代潮流的養老服務體系，這不僅是社會發展的需要，也是時代進步的必然要求，同時也是我國全面建成小康社會進程中的重要任務。習近平總書記在十九大報告中明確指出要積極應對人口老齡化，構建養老、孝老、敬老政策體系和社會環境。構建以居家為基礎、社區為依托、機構為補充、醫養相結合的養老服務體系是新時代下發展養老產業的重要模式。

關鍵詞： 養老服務； 社區； 市場； 策略

中圖分類號： D632.1 文獻標識碼： A DOI：10.13411/j.cnki.sxsx.2018.02.005

Abstract： Pension is an important part of the livelihood of our country. Our country has the traditional virtue of respecting and supporting the elderly. However， with the deepening of the aging of the population in our country， it is urgent to build a set of old-age service system which is in line with the trend of the times， which is not only the need of social development， but also the necessary requirements of the progress of the times. It is also an important task for our country to build a well-off society in an all-round way. In his nineteenth CPC national congress major reports， general secretary Xi Jinping clearly pointed out that we should actively respond to the aging of population and build up the policy system and social environment for supporting the elderly， filial piety and the old. Building an old-age service system based on home based， community based， institutional supplement and medical care is an important mode of developing the pension industry in the new era. From the point of view of the community， this paper will study the optimization strategy for the construction of the old-age service system through a comprehensive analysis of the shortage and shortage of the community pension system at the present stage.

Key words： service for the aged； community； market； strategy

據全國老齡辦公布的數據，截至2017年底，我國60歲及以上老年人口已達到2.41億人， 占總人口17.3%。[1]龐大的老齡人口數量和比例給黨和國家提出更高的要求。首先，作為發展中國家來說，我國起步較晚，各方面體制還不夠完善和系統；此外，我國人口多、民族多、人口結構組成較為復雜，如何科學有效地構建養老服務體系，對黨和政府是一個挑戰；再者，我國的科學技術雖然取得了較大進步，但創新性和實用性方面仍有待加強，構建系統、有機的養老服務體系仍需努力。老齡人口的高齡化、空巢化和失能化等特點逐漸凸顯，暗示著我國“未富先老”的現實國情，復雜多變的國際環境急切要求我國理智對待并處理這一重大問題。在新時代下如何把握時代機遇以及應對時代的挑戰，對黨和國家是一個重要考驗。……