胡玉榮
摘 要: 現(xiàn)代民族國家,無論是多民族構(gòu)成的國家還是單一民族國家,都不得不面臨如何實現(xiàn)民族認(rèn)同與國家認(rèn)同整合的問題。因為,要實現(xiàn)國家穩(wěn)定發(fā)展與長治久安,其中一項前提性的工作無疑是要處理好國內(nèi)的民族關(guān)系以及民族與國家之間的關(guān)系,核心是要解決好民族認(rèn)同與國家認(rèn)同的關(guān)系問題。毫不夸張地說,對這一問題解決的效果直接決定了這個國家的興衰存亡。通過發(fā)揮核心價值觀的紐帶和粘合劑作用,美國成功地將國內(nèi)各民族凝聚起來,共同致力于國家的發(fā)展進(jìn)步。因此,美國在價值觀建設(shè)推進(jìn)民族認(rèn)同與國家認(rèn)同的整合方面已經(jīng)進(jìn)行了有益的探索,并積累了一定的經(jīng)驗與教訓(xùn),給了我們許多鏡鑒與啟示。
關(guān)鍵詞: 美國; 價值觀; 國家認(rèn)同; 認(rèn)同整合; 經(jīng)驗
中圖分類號: B081 文獻(xiàn)標(biāo)識碼: A DOI:10.13411/j.cnki.sxsx.2018.02.003
Abstract: The modern national state, whether it is a multi ethnic country or a single national country, has to face the problem of how to realize the integration of national identity and national identity. In order to realize the stable development and long-term stability of the country, one of the prerequisites is to deal with the national relations and the relations between the nation and the state. The core is to solve the problem of the relationship between national identity and state identity. It is no exaggeration to say that the effect of solving this problem is directly determined. The rise and fall of the country is in existence. By playing the role of core values and bonds, the United States has succeeded in bringing together all ethnic groups in the country and working together for national development and progress. Therefore, the United States has made useful exploration in the integration of national identity and state identity in the construction of values, and has accumulated certain experiences and lessons, and has given us a lot of mirror and inspiration.
Key words: The United States; values; national identity; identity integration; experience
美國只有短短兩百多年的歷史,卻迅速崛起,一躍發(fā)展成為具有世界影響力的大國,至今其地位依然難以撼動,不得不令人深思。客觀地說,美國在如此短的時間內(nèi),把一個由不同種族、不同膚色、不同文化的人所組成的移民國家發(fā)展成世界一流強國,其成功是顯而易見的。當(dāng)然,成功的原因也是多維的,但歸根結(jié)底,貫穿其中的必定離不開對核心價值觀的追求。事實上,美國歷屆政府都很重視對美國公民進(jìn)行價值觀教育,通過共有的價值觀來摒棄不同民族和種族的差異,從而將全體國民凝聚起來,共同致力于國家的建設(shè)和繁榮。……