習(xí)近平國(guó)際協(xié)商治理思想初探

楊守濤 劉璐瑤

摘 要： 習(xí)近平總書(shū)記在領(lǐng)導(dǎo)中國(guó)共產(chǎn)黨人及中國(guó)人民科學(xué)統(tǒng)籌國(guó)際與國(guó)內(nèi)兩個(gè)大局、較為全面地考量當(dāng)前國(guó)際交往及國(guó)際治理實(shí)際挑戰(zhàn)和困難的基礎(chǔ)上，明確提出作為民主重要形式的協(xié)商應(yīng)該成為國(guó)際治理的重要方法。梳理總書(shū)記系列講話發(fā)現(xiàn)，他主要回答了國(guó)際協(xié)商治理為何重要、何以可能、如何實(shí)現(xiàn)三個(gè)基本問(wèn)題。這三個(gè)基本問(wèn)題環(huán)環(huán)相扣、層層遞進(jìn)、步步深入。總書(shū)記的回答，代表了以其為核心的新時(shí)代中國(guó)共產(chǎn)黨人對(duì)這些問(wèn)題的系統(tǒng)性思考，是中國(guó)共產(chǎn)黨人在世界與中國(guó)發(fā)展新形勢(shì)下對(duì)共同構(gòu)建人類(lèi)命運(yùn)共同體的一種高瞻、遠(yuǎn)慮、深謀。作為一種對(duì)國(guó)際治理及人類(lèi)未來(lái)的遠(yuǎn)見(jiàn)卓識(shí)的頂層設(shè)計(jì)，它是對(duì)國(guó)際治理理論與跨民族國(guó)家民主協(xié)商理論甚至協(xié)商民主理論等諸多理論的一種豐富和完善，也為當(dāng)前以及今后國(guó)際治理實(shí)踐等諸多國(guó)際性活動(dòng)提供了基本的指南。

關(guān)鍵詞： 習(xí)近平； 國(guó)際協(xié)商治理； 人類(lèi)命運(yùn)共同體

中圖分類(lèi)號(hào)： D621 文獻(xiàn)標(biāo)識(shí)碼： A DOI：10.13411/j.cnki.sxsx.2018.02.001

Abstract： On the basis of making overall plans for both international and domestic affairs scientifically， and comprehensively considering the current challenges of international governance， Xi Jinping explicitly proposes that deliberative democracy should be widely applied to international governance. After deeply reading and analyzing Xi Jinpings relevant public statements， this article shows that he mainly answers three closely linked questions： why international deliberative governance is important； whether international deliberative governance is possible or not； how to make international deliberative governance work effectively. His reply represents the systematic thinking about these questions of the Chinese Communists in the new era， which means taking a broad and long-term view to build a community with a shared future for mankind working together with other countries or regions. As a kind of far-sighted top-level design about international governance and the future of mankind， Xi Jinpings thoughts of international deliberative governance is an enrichment of many theories such as international governance， transnational democratic deliberation， and even the theory of deliberative democracy itself. Meanwhile， it provides some fundamental guidelines to the current and future international governance and many other international activities.

Key words： Xi Jinping； international deliberative governance； a community with a shared future for mankind

一、引言

黨的十八大以來(lái)，以習(xí)近平總書(shū)記為核心的領(lǐng)導(dǎo)集體在深刻認(rèn)識(shí)世界與中國(guó)發(fā)展新變化的基礎(chǔ)上，順應(yīng)時(shí)代發(fā)展潮流和客觀現(xiàn)實(shí)需要，繼承和創(chuàng)新了中國(guó)共產(chǎn)黨人的對(duì)外交往理念與國(guó)際戰(zhàn)略思想，以共商共建共享人類(lèi)命運(yùn)共同體為旨?xì)w，明確而開(kāi)創(chuàng)性地提出將協(xié)商民主運(yùn)用于國(guó)際治理的國(guó)際協(xié)商治理主張。習(xí)近平總書(shū)記曾在2015年9月的第七十屆聯(lián)合國(guó)大會(huì)一般性辯論會(huì)上發(fā)表講話時(shí)提出：“協(xié)商是民主的重要形式，也應(yīng)該成為現(xiàn)代國(guó)際治理的重要方法。……