摘要:
激光高相干性導致的散班噪聲給激光的應用帶來很多不利因素。簡要介紹激光光源的特點和使用激光照明的不利因素以及激光散班噪聲的評價標準,并對國內外抑制散斑噪聲的光學方法和圖像處理算法進行綜述,介紹多種不同場合下的散班噪聲抑制的有效方法。
關鍵詞:激光相干性;激光散斑;散斑對比度;散斑抑制
中圖分類號:TN249 文獻標志碼:A
文章編號:2095-5383(2018)04-0052-04
Overview of Suppression Methods of Laser Speckle Noise
DENG Hui
(School of Electronic Engineering, Chengdu Technological University, Chengdu 611730, China)
Abstract:
Laser is widely used in the optical field , but the noise caused by high coherence of laser can also bring disadvantages to the application of laser. The characteristics of laser light source, the disadvantageous factors of laser illumination and the evaluation standard of laser speckle were introducedbrieflyin this paper. Then the optical method and image processing algorithm for suppressing speckle noise at home and abroad were reviewed.Finally, the effective methods of laser speckle suppression in different situations were introduced.
Keywords:
laser coherence; laser speckle; speckled contrast; speckle suppression
1980年,由美國物理學家梅曼發明世界上第一臺固體激光器——紅寶石激光器,激光由此誕生。激光是一種受激輻射光源,具有很高的光子簡并度,與普通光源相比,它具有高度的方向性、高單色性、高相干性和高亮度等特點[1],因此在激光顯示、激光測量、激光照明等技術中有著廣泛的應用。但同時,激光高相干性的特點也給其應用帶來了不利因素,并引起了科研人員的關注。
激光應用的不利因素主要體現在:1)激光的多模式結構,其多模式結構的特性使得激光器不同模式間的能量不均勻,光束質量低;2)激光在傳播過程中,其沿光束截面的能量并不是均勻分布的而是成高斯分布,這使得照明并不均勻,使得被照明物體圖像曝光不均勻,導致圖像邊界難以分辨;3)由激光的相干性引起所得到的物體圖象成顆粒性,當用激光照射一般物體時由于物體表面相對于激光波長量級而言相當粗糙,因而經物體表面向空間散射出的光束之間存在光程差而發生干涉,產生呈顆粒狀無規則分布的噪聲,該噪聲稱為散斑噪聲[2-5]。……