汪啟明 鄧楠
摘要:語(yǔ)法化研究是目前語(yǔ)言學(xué)界的“顯學(xué)”,但有份量的成果不多。馬貝加先生《漢語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞語(yǔ)法化》一書(shū),討論了漢語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞向介詞、副詞、連詞、助詞、助動(dòng)詞發(fā)展的過(guò)程和機(jī)制,從理論到實(shí)踐對(duì)漢語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞語(yǔ)法化進(jìn)行了全面、系統(tǒng)、深入的研究。全書(shū)內(nèi)容詳實(shí),舉證充分,觀察細(xì)致,見(jiàn)解獨(dú)到,是建設(shè)具有民族特色的語(yǔ)法化理論體系的一次有益嘗試,也是迄今為止國(guó)內(nèi)外關(guān)于漢語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞語(yǔ)法化全面、系統(tǒng)研究的成功典范,對(duì)推動(dòng)漢語(yǔ)語(yǔ)法化研究方法的系統(tǒng)化、科學(xué)化具有重要意義。
關(guān)鍵詞:漢語(yǔ);語(yǔ)法化;動(dòng)詞
中圖分類號(hào):H146 文獻(xiàn)標(biāo)志碼:A
文章編號(hào):2095-5383(2018)02-0106-04
The Specimens of Grammaticalization with Methodological Meaning
—After Reading Grammaticalization of Chinese Verbs
WANG Qiming, DENG Nan
(1. School of Humanities,Southwest Jiaotong University , Chengdu 611756, China;
2. Academic Affairs Department,Chengdu Neusoft University , Chengdu 611844, China)
Abstract:The study of grammaticalization is currently a research hotspot in the field of linguistics, but few important achievements have been made. Ms. Ma Beijia discussed the process and mechanism of the development of Chinese verbs to prepositions, adverbs, conjunctions, auxiliary auxiliaries, and auxiliary verbs in the book Grammaticalization of Chinese Verbs. He also conducted a comprehensive, systematical and deep study on the grammaticalization of Chinese verbs from theory to practice. The book is full of detailed content, full evidence, careful observation and unique insights. It is a useful attempt to build a grammatical theoretical system with national characteristics, and it is also a successful model for the comprehensive and systematic study of grammaticalization of Chinese Verbs both at home and abroad. It has great significance to promote systematize and scientization of research methods of Chinese grammaticalization.
Keywords: Chinese; Grammaticalization; Verbs
1 語(yǔ)法化及研究概述
從《馬氏文通》開(kāi)始,人們常用西方的語(yǔ)言研究觀念來(lái)規(guī)范漢語(yǔ)研究實(shí)踐,用西方語(yǔ)法體系來(lái)硬套漢語(yǔ)語(yǔ)料,“西方學(xué)術(shù)優(yōu)先權(quán)+漢語(yǔ)(文獻(xiàn)語(yǔ)料)”的研究范式為一些學(xué)者所效仿,也為不少學(xué)者所詬病。因此,西方語(yǔ)言學(xué)理論中國(guó)化和建立中國(guó)自己的語(yǔ)言學(xué)理論體系成為中國(guó)當(dāng)代漢語(yǔ)研究的兩大重要命題。時(shí)下語(yǔ)言研究的生態(tài)環(huán)境,導(dǎo)致不少學(xué)者將西方語(yǔ)言理論作為漢語(yǔ)研究的坐標(biāo),用西方語(yǔ)言學(xué)論述話語(yǔ)來(lái)改造中國(guó)語(yǔ)言學(xué),甚至于陷入語(yǔ)言研究的二元論陷阱,認(rèn)為西方的就是先進(jìn)的,中國(guó)的就是落后的;西方的就是現(xiàn)代的,中國(guó)的就是傳統(tǒng)的;西方的就是語(yǔ)言學(xué)的,中國(guó)的只是語(yǔ)文學(xué)的;西方的是科學(xué)的,中國(guó)的是不科學(xué)的,等等。反省一個(gè)世紀(jì)以來(lái)語(yǔ)言研究,不難看出,西學(xué)東漸的過(guò)程就是中國(guó)語(yǔ)言學(xué)的消解過(guò)程,也是中國(guó)語(yǔ)言學(xué)逐漸失掉話語(yǔ)權(quán)的過(guò)程。……