老年白內障患者采用兩種手術治療后的臨床對比觀察和評價

姜波

【摘要】 目的：對比兩種類型的手術治療老年白內障的近遠期療效。方法：選擇2014年2月-2016年

3月醫(yī)院眼外科收治的老年白內障患者144例，其中超聲乳化晶體植入術治療患者70例，納入對照組；小切口非超聲乳化白內障手術治療74例，納入觀察組。對比兩組量化指標以及并發(fā)癥發(fā)生情況。

結果：兩組出院前、末次隨訪眼內壓均低于術前，前房深度、視力均高于術前，比較差異均有統(tǒng)計學意義（P<0.05），兩組術前、出院前、末次隨訪眼壓、前房深度、視力比較，差異均無統(tǒng)計學意義（P>0.05）。兩組并發(fā)癥發(fā)生情況比較，差異均無統(tǒng)計學意義（P>0.05）。結論：小切口非超聲乳化白內障手術與超聲乳化晶體植入術在改善視力、眼壓控制、并發(fā)癥方面療效相近，應根據(jù)具體病情選擇合適的手術策略。

【關鍵詞】 老年白內障； 手術； 療效觀察； 視力恢復

【Abstract】 Objective：To compare the short-term and long-term results of two kinds of surgical treatment for senile cataract.Method：From February 2014 to March 2016，144 cases of senile cataract patients admitted to the hospital eye surgery were selected，70 cases were treated by phacoemulsification with IOL implantation as the control group，74 cases were treated by non-phacoemulsification cataract surgery as the observation group，the quantitative indicators and complications of two groups were compared.Result：Before discharge and at the end of the follow-up of two groups，the intraocular pressure were lower than that of preoperative，anterior chamber depth and vision were higher than those of preoperative，the differences were statistically significant（P<0.05），before the operation，before discharge and the final follow-up，the intraocular pressure，anterior chamber depth and vision of two groups were compared，the difference was not statistically significant（P>0.05），the complications between two groups were compared，the difference was not statistically significant（P>0.05）.Conclusion：Non-phacoemulsification cataract surgery and phacoemulsification with IOL implantation have similar curative effect in improving visual acuity，intraocular pressure control and complications，should choose appropriate surgical strategy according to the specific condition.

【Key words】 Senile cataract； Operation； Curative effect observation； Visual recover

First-authors address：Jiuquan Second Peoples Hospital of Gansu Province，Jiuquan 735000，China

doi：10.3969/j.issn.1674-4985.2017.29.031

白內障是常見致盲性眼病，沒有之一，多見于老年人、眼部創(chuàng)傷患者，老年性白內障占80%以上。我國白內障現(xiàn)存患者（350～400）萬例，因人口老齡化，老年性白內障呈快速上升趨勢，年新增患者（60～80）萬例，成為老年人視力下降、致盲的主要原因，增加了家庭以及社會負擔[1]。手術是治療白內障手術的首選，可供選擇的術式類型較多，激光手術適應證狹窄，小切口白內障術（Small incision cataract surgery，SICS）是首選，包括手法小切口白內障手術、同軸微切口超聲乳化白內障手術、雙手微切口超聲乳化白內障吸出術等各種類型術士，適應證廣，具有微創(chuàng)優(yōu)勢，并發(fā)癥發(fā)生率低[2]。本次研究試以2014年2月-2016年3月醫(yī)院眼外科收治的老年白內障患者144例作為研究對象，對比兩種類型手術治療的近遠期療效，現(xiàn)報道如下。