新生兒呼吸窘迫綜合征并發支氣管肺發育不良的相關影響因素分析

梁麗玉

【摘要】 目的：探討分析新生兒呼吸窘迫綜合征（neonatal respiratory distress syndrome，NRDS）并發支氣管肺發育不良（bronchopulmonary dysplasis，BPD）的相關影響因素。方法：選取2015年8月-2017年8月本院收治的210例NRDS患兒作為研究對象，根據患兒是否并發BPD分為BPD組和非BPD組，對兩組患兒的胎齡、出生體重、住院時間、機械通氣時間、肺出血情況及Apgar評分等臨床資料進行統計，同時采用單因素及Logistic多因素回歸分析NRDS并發BPD的危險因素。結果：單因素分析顯示，BPD組患兒的胎齡、出生體重及Apgar評分均明顯低于非BPD組，住院時間、機械通氣時間均明顯長于對照組，肺出血患兒的比例明顯高于非BPD組，差異均有統計學意義（P<0.05）。Logistic多因素回歸分析顯示，胎齡、出生體重及肺出血情況屬于NRDS患兒并發BPD的獨立危險因素（P<0.05）。隨著NRDS患兒出生體重的增高、胎齡的增大，其并發BPD的比例逐漸下降（P<0.05）。結論：支氣管肺發育不良是新生兒呼吸窘迫綜合征的嚴重并發癥，NRDS患兒并發BPD的獨立危險因素包括胎齡、出生體重及肺出血，針對上述因素醫護人員應提高警惕性，對于新生兒肺部原發疾病積極治療，加強BPD的預防，防止病情進一步發展。

【關鍵詞】 新生兒呼吸窘迫綜合征； 支氣管肺發育不良； 影響因素

Analysis of Related Factors of Neonatal Respiratory Distress Syndrome Complicated with Bronchopulmonary Dysplasia/LIANG Li-yu.//Medical Innovation of China，2017，14（30）：100-102

【Abstract】 Objective：To investigate and analyze the related factors of neonatal respiratory distress syndrome（NRDS） complicated with bronchopulmonary dysplasia（BPD）.Method：From August 2015 to August 2017，210 NRDS cases in our hospital as the research objects and were divided into BPD group and non BPD group according to whether the patients complicated with BPD.The clinical data of gestational age，birth weight，hospitalization time，mechanical ventilation time，pulmonary hemorrhage and Apgar score of the two groups were analyzed.The risk factors of NRDS complicated with BPD were analyzed by univariate analysis and Logistic regression analysis.Result：Univariate analysis showed that the gestational age，birth weight and Apgar score of the BPD group were significantly lower than those of the non BPD group，the hospitalization time，mechanical ventilation time，were significantly longer than those of the non BPD group，the proportion of children with pulmonary hemorrhage was significantly higher than that of non BPD group，the differences were statistically significant（P<0.05）.Logistic multivariate regression analysis showed that gestational age，birth weight and pulmonary hemorrhage were the independent risk factors of NRDS in children with BPD（P<0.05）.With the increased birth weight and the gestational age of the NRDS children，the proportion of concurrent BPD gradually decreased（P<0.05）.Conclusion：Bronchopulmonary dysplasia is a serious complication of neonatal respiratory distress syndrome，independent risk factors of NRDS patients complicated with BPD including gestational age，birth weight and pulmonary hemorrhage，and the medical staff should be vigilant for primary lung disease of newborn，active treatment，strengthen the prevention of BPD，prevent the further development of the disease.endprint

【Key words】 Neonatal respiratory distress syndrome； Bronchopulmonary dysplasia； Influencing factor

First-authors address：Fujian Provincial Hospital，Fuzhou 350001，China

doi：10.3969/j.issn.1674-4985.2017.30.029

新生兒呼吸窘迫綜合征（NRDS），又稱新生兒肺透明膜病，指新生兒出生后不久，一般4～12 h內即出現進行性呼吸困難、呻吟、發紺、吸氣三凹征等癥狀[1-2]。研究發現，NRDS的發病與新生兒肺部發育不成熟、缺乏肺泡表面活性物質有很大關系[3]。隨著臨床治療水平的進步，對NRDS的治療水平也有所提升，但隨之伴隨患兒并發支氣管肺發育不良（bronchopulmonary dysplasis，BPD）的情況亦有所增加。在NRDS的臨床治療中，對NRDS并發BPD相關影響因素進行分析，對有效預防BPD具有一定意義，但目前國內外文獻對該方面的研究尚少。為進一步探討分析NRDS并發BPD相關影響因素，特選取2015年8月-2017年

8月本院收治的210例NRDS患兒作為研究對象，對其胎齡、出生體重、住院時間、機械通氣時間、肺出血情況及Apgar評分等臨床資料進行分析研究，現報道如下。

1 資料與方法

1.1 一般資料 選取2015年8月-2017年8月本院收治的210例NRDS患兒作為研究對象，納入標準：（1）經血液生化檢查、X線片檢查確診為NRDS的患兒；……