周燦+牛利剛+閆宇
【摘要】 PBL(problem-based learning)教學模式的核心是要求帶教的學生通過或圍繞某一專題或臨床問題進行學習,但該教學方法存在所提出的問題超出學生的研究能力等不足之處。MDT(multi-disciplinary therapy,)是以患者為中心和以多學科專家組為依托的診療模式,其針對特定疾病進行治療方案制定可成為PBL教學模式依托問題的材料和學習及培養綜合思考能力的動力,因此,如何將MDT模式很好地融入PBL教學法進而改進PBL教學法在乳腺外科的臨床教學質量,具有重要意義。但由于PBL教學法結合MDT模式仍存在學生和帶教教師的適應性不足,缺乏規范性教材等問題,需轉變教師角色,鼓勵學生帶著興趣去解決問題,提高其學習的主動性,從而最大限度地提高乳腺專業臨床知識及臨床應用能力。
【關鍵詞】 PBL教學法; MDT模式; 臨床教學實踐
【Abstract】 The core of problem-based learning(PBL) technical method,which has gained interesting acceptance in the medical education,is the learning of a specific topic or clinical problem by the student.But,there still existes some disadvantages,such as the unconscionable course design,the issues raised being beyond the students abilities,in PBL technical method.The making process of therapy plan for specific diseases by multi-disciplinary therapy(MDT) model,which focuses on the sickness and based on the multi-disciplinary expert group,can be seen as the sources of the problems of material for PBL model.Consequently,there will be of great importance in integrating of MDT model into PBL technical method and then improving the clinical teaching quality of our department of breast surgery.The measures of changing the role of the teacher and arousing the students' interest when solving problems with interest can improve the clinical knowledge and clinical application of breast diseases.
【Key words】 PBL method; MDT method; Clinical teaching practice
First-authors address:The First Affiliated Hospital of Xian Jiaotong University,Xian 710061,China
doi:10.3969/j.issn.1674-4985.2017.29.016
“基于問題式學習”或“問題導向學習”(problem-Based Learning,PBL)的教學模式,已得到世界醫學教育界的肯定,并逐漸成為臨床醫學教育模式改革的新方向。該教學模式具有提高學生興趣性、探索性、積極主動性和學習效率等優點[1-3],但該教學方法存在課程設計不合理或超出學生的研究能力、缺乏規范性教材和教學耗時較多等問題[2],如何結合專科具體狀況進一步提高PBL教學模式的臨床教學質量具有重要的臨床意義。
惡性腫瘤的多學科綜合治療(multi-disciplinary therapy,MDT)通過多學科之間的深入交流和密切合作,實現腫瘤診療理論、技術和經驗的全面融合,從而為每一位患者提供最佳的個體化治療方案。……