李慧超+師亮+楊艷萍
【摘要】 目的:探討呼吸內胚層及第二生心區與小鼠胚胎心動脈端發育的關系。方法:對35例胚齡9~13 d小鼠胚胎心連續石蠟切片應用抗音猬因子(Shh)、抗Ptc1、抗Smo、抗心肌肌球蛋白重鏈(MHC)、抗胰島因子(ISL-1)、抗α-平滑肌肌動蛋白(α-SMA)抗體進行免疫組織化學和免疫熒光化學染色。結果:胚齡9~11 d,呼吸內胚層開始發育,其腹側形成Ptc1陽性的內胚層細胞索,與緊鄰的第二生心區咽前ISL-1陽性間充質細胞形成對稱的錐體形結構,頂端突入動脈囊腔。胚齡12~13 d,隨內胚層細胞索消失,氣管腹側ISL-1陽性間充質細胞數量明顯減少,心包內主動脈和肺動脈分離。結論:發育中的呼吸內胚層可能通過Shh信號通路為第二生心區咽前ISL-1陽性間充質細胞的發育聚集提供位置信息,參與小鼠胚胎心流出道的正常形態發生。
【關鍵詞】 呼吸內胚層; 第二生心區; 小鼠; 免疫組織化學; 免疫熒光
【Abstract】 Objective:To explore the relationship of pulmonary endoderm and the second heart field with development of the distant of the mouse embryonic heart.Method:Serial sections of thirty-five mouse embryos from embryonic day(ED)9 to embryonic day(ED)13 were stained immunohistochemically or immunofluorescently with antibodies against Sonic Hedgehog(Shh),Patched(Ptc1),Smoothened(Smo),myosin heavy chain(MHC),islet 1(ISL-1),α-smooth muscle actin(α-SMA).Result:From ED9 to ED11,pulmonary endoderm started to develop,and formed a solid endoderm cord with Ptc1 positive expression which was surrounded by ISL-1 positive prepharyngeal mesenchyme in the second heart field projected into the aortic sac.During ED12 to ED13,following the disappearance of endoderm cord,the quantity of ISL-1 positive mesenchyme cells was obviously reduced,aorta and pulmonary artery were totally seprated.Conclusion:The developing pulmonary endoderm probably provides the positional information for the aggregation of ISL-1 positive prepharyngeal mesenchyme in the second heart field to take part in the morphogenesis of the outflow tract in mouse embryonic heart.
【Key words】 Pulmonary endoderm; Second heart field; Mouse; Immunohistochemisty; Immunofluorescence
First-authors address:Changchun Medical College,Changchun 130031,China
doi:10.3969/j.issn.1674-4985.2017.29.001
胚胎心流出道的正常發育和分隔保證了機體血液循環的有效進行[1]。近年研究表明,胚胎心流出道的分隔和延長有賴于第二生心區心前體細胞的參與[1-2]。位于咽前胰島因子(ISL-1)是心前體細胞較好的標記蛋白,敲除ISL-1基因小鼠胚胎右心室、流出道缺失[3]。Shh信號通路參與維持第二生心區細胞的存活和增殖,條件性敲除前腸內胚層處Shh信號通路中任一成員,均引起相似的呼吸系統及流出道發育畸形[4-6],但由于轉基因或敲基因引起的心臟畸形動物多死于胚胎早、中期,對流出道正常發育的關系鮮見報道。本實驗觀察Shh信號通路分子在前腸呼吸內胚層的表達規律,探討其與第二生心區咽前ISL-1陽性間充質的關系,為進一步闡明流出道發育畸形提供一定的形態學基礎。……