潘選明 苗宜俐



摘要 隨著人類社會的發展,城鎮化過程是人類發展必經的道路,是人類文明高度發展的標志。現階段我國城鎮化水平遠低于經濟發展水平,農村存在大量剩余勞動力,在此背景下,黨的十八大提出了“以人為本”的新型城鎮化理念,其符合我國現階段的發展狀況,大力推進城鎮化進程有助于農村剩余勞動力的轉移。以新型城鎮化為研究背景,闡述我國農村剩余勞動力轉移的現狀以及存在的問題,并提出改革城鄉二元結構、完善社會保障體系、加強農村剩余勞動力教育培訓以及加快城鎮化進程等對策。
關鍵詞 新型城鎮化 ; 農村剩余勞動力轉移 ; 農民工
中圖分類號 S-9 文獻標識碼 A 文章編號 0517-6611(2017)13-0242-02
Rural Surplus Labor Transferring Problems Based on the Perspective of New Urbanization
PAN Xuan-ming MIAO Yi-li
(Management College Southwest Minzu University,Chengdu ,Sichuan 610041)
Abstract With the development of human society ,it was necessary to experience process of urbanization ,process of urbanization was sign of highly developed human civilization.Urbanization level was far lower than economic development level at present.There was a lot of rural surplus labor force .Under the background ,new urbanization concept "people-oriented"was proposed at 18th Party Congress.It was accord with development situation of China.Promoting process of urbanization was helpful to transfer rural surplus labor force.Taking new urbanization as research background,present situation and existing problems of rural surplus labor force were described.The following countermeasures were put forward :reforming urban and rural dualistic structure ,improving social security system,enhancing education training of rural surplus labor force,accelerating process of urbanization.
Key words New urbanization;Rural surplus labor force;Peasant workers
20世紀80年代以來,我國城鎮化得到飛速發展,城鎮化率由1980年末的19.39%增長到2015年末的56.10%,年均增長1.05百分點。近幾年來,我國經濟下行壓力加大,2015年GDP增長率同比增長6.90%,2016年前3季度GDP同比增長6.70%,十八大報告中也多次提到加快推進城鎮化進程是推動經濟增長的“四駕馬車”之一,可見城鎮化建設對于經濟增長的貢獻率。推進城鎮化建設必然要求農村剩余勞動力不斷向城鎮轉移,農村剩余勞動力的轉移有利于推進城鎮化的建設,同時城鎮化的建設也有利于農村剩余勞動力的轉移,提高農民收入,縮小城鄉差距,實現城鄉協調發展,因此,城鎮化建設和農村剩余勞動力轉移是相輔相成、互相促進的關系。現階段我國仍然存在大量的農村剩余勞動力,從國外的經驗來看,推進城鎮化建設是轉移這些剩余勞動力的唯一途徑,筆者在基于新型城鎮化視角下探討農村剩余勞動力轉移的相關問題。……