李海峰



摘要 實(shí)地調(diào)查了湛江市23個(gè)代表性園林綠地中地被植物種類及其配植現(xiàn)狀,共記錄了145種(含品種),隸屬于64科108屬。園林配植上以片植、叢植為主,垂直綠化品種較少。調(diào)查發(fā)現(xiàn),部分地被植物的管理養(yǎng)護(hù)水平不到位,配植方式需繼續(xù)提高。在此基礎(chǔ)上,建議今后擴(kuò)大鄉(xiāng)土地被植物在園林綠化中的應(yīng)用,考慮植物生長(zhǎng)環(huán)境的適應(yīng)性,加強(qiáng)管養(yǎng),提高地被植物配植的多樣性。
關(guān)鍵詞 園林綠地; 地被植物; 資源調(diào)查; 應(yīng)用現(xiàn)狀
中圖分類號(hào) S731.2 文獻(xiàn)標(biāo)識(shí)碼 A 文章編號(hào) 0517-6611(2017)13-0168-04
Investigations on the Status of Groundcover Plants Uses in Zhanjiang Urban Green Space
LI Hai-feng
(Zhanjiang Seashore Park,Zhanjiang,Guangdong 524005)
Abstract Through spot investigation on the ground cover plant species and current design insulation of 23 representative green-lands in Zhanjiang, it recorded that there were total 145 kinds of ground cover plants,which belong to 64 families and 108 genera.On plants configuration mode,most of the ground cover plants were planted in groups; vertical greening plants were used less.It also found that there exist incomplete on plant management and maintenance,plantation patterns should be paid more attention to be improved.Based on the results,suggestions are made to extend the application of native ground cover plants in landscaping,take adaptability of plants to their habitat into account,strengthen the maintenance,and improve diversity of ground cover plants plantation patterns.
Key words Green-land;Ground cover plants;Resource investigation;Applications status
地被植物是指自然生長(zhǎng)高度或者修剪后高度在1 m以下,最下分枝較貼近地面,成片種植后枝葉密集,能較好地覆蓋地面,形成一定的景觀效果,并具較強(qiáng)擴(kuò)展能力的植物,包括木本、草本、藤本及多肉植物(廣義的地被植物還包括草坪植物)[1]。由于不同的植物受不同的環(huán)境因子影響,達(dá)到的生長(zhǎng)高度各異,其相應(yīng)形成的覆蓋效果也不盡相同,因此通過既定的栽培養(yǎng)護(hù)管理,使之能達(dá)到用作地被植物條件的植物,都可以當(dāng)作地被植物來應(yīng)用。此外,對(duì)坡面、立面有覆蓋和修飾作用的半蔓性灌木以及藤本植物也可以視為地被植物。
湛江市市區(qū)建成區(qū)綠化覆蓋率40.73%,綠地率36.79%,人均公園綠地面積12.92 m2[2]。目前對(duì)湛江市植物的研究主要集中于園林植物應(yīng)用現(xiàn)狀、鄉(xiāng)土植物應(yīng)用和彩葉植物資源等方面[3-5],作為城市園林綠化重要組成部分的地被植物則少見相關(guān)研究。筆者以湛江市城市綠地中的地被植物為調(diào)查對(duì)象,研究湛江市地被植物的資源現(xiàn)狀、配植方式,有利于了解該市地被植物種質(zhì)資源、應(yīng)用特點(diǎn),對(duì)湛江市區(qū)新建綠地植物景觀設(shè)計(jì)提供參考數(shù)據(jù),從而美化城市景觀,促進(jìn)生態(tài)園林城市的建設(shè)和發(fā)展?!?br>