膠東地區金銀花品種間遺傳關系的RAPD分析

王一斐 劉林德 葛宜和 孫太元

摘要 [目的]探討不同金銀花（Lonicera japonica）品種間的遺傳關系。[方法]利用RAPD分子標記技術對膠東地區31個金銀花品種的遺傳多樣性及遺傳關系進行研究。[結果]5個引物共擴增出650條帶，每個引物可擴增出0～9個條帶。聚類分析結果表明，31個金銀花品種可以分為兩大類，采自昆崳山太白頂的金銀花品種為一類，其余30個金銀花品種為一類。從遺傳距離來看，采自昆崳山太白頂的品種與中醫世家引進金銀花品種大毛花遺傳距離最遠，為2.507；采自龍口蘭高鎮馬藺塂（Ⅱ）與中醫世家引進金銀花品種四季豐遺傳距離最近，為0.020。[結論]不同金銀花種源間具有較高的遺傳多樣性，不同金銀花種源間的遺傳關系與地理分布有一定的相關性。

關鍵詞 金銀花；聚類分析；遺傳多樣性；RAPD；膠東地區

中圖分類號 S567.7+9 文獻標識碼 A 文章編號 0517-6611（2017）13-0145-02

RADP Analysis of Genetic Relationships Among Cultivars of Lonicera japonica in Jiaodong Region

WANG Yi-fei1 ， LIU Lin-de1*， GE Yi-he1 et al

（1.College of Life Sciences，Ludong University，Yantai，Shandong 264100）

Abstract [Objective]Genetic relationships among cultivars of Lonicera japonica were studied.[Method]Genetic diversity and genetic relationship of 31 varieties of L. japonica in Jiaodong Region were studied by using Random Amplified Polymorphic DNA （RAPD） molecular marker technology. [Result]5 primers were used to amplify 650 bands. Each primer could amplify 0-9 bands. The result of cluster analysis showed 31 kinds of L. japonica varieties could be divided into two categories， one was from Taibai Top of Kunyu mountain， the other was anther category. From the genetic distance， the variety from Taibai Top of Kunyu mountain and the Damao flower which was introduced by family of traditional Chinese Medicine had the farthest genetic distance， it was 2.507.The variety from the Malin Port of Longkou Langao town and the Sijifeng flower which was introduced by family of traditional Chinese Medicine had the nearest genetic distance， it was 0.020. [Conclusion]There was high genetic diversity among different cultivars of L. japonica，the genetic relationship among different cultivars of L. japonica had a certain correlation with geographical distribution.

Key words Lonicera japonica；Cluster analysis；Genetic diversity；RAPD；Jiaodong region

金銀花（Lonicera japonica）為忍冬科忍冬屬多年生半常綠藤本植物[1]。全世界忍冬屬植物約200種，我國有98種[2]。金銀花具有清熱解毒、消炎退腫、保肝抗病毒、延緩衰老的功效，研究發現它還具有良好的抗癌、抗艾滋病的作用，屬衛生部、國家藥品監督管理局和國家工商局關于30個貴重藥材的通知品種，被列為出口創匯的主要品種[2]。同時，由于金銀花根系發達，耐旱、耐寒熱、耐瘠薄、耐鹽堿，因而又是水土保持和沙漠治理的良好樹種[3]。

我國忍冬科植物在全國各省各地形區均有分布，尤以西南地區種類最多，可供藥用的種類達47種，其中作為金銀花藥材原植……